James Lowther (of Wilton Castle)

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James Lowther, DL, JP (1 September 1840 – 12 September 1904) was an English Conservative politician and sportsman, the younger son of Sir Charles Lowther, 3rd Baronet and Isabella Morehead.

He was educated at Westminster School and took a BA from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1863, and a MA in 1866. He was also admitted as a barrister of the Inner Temple on 17 October 1864, but never practised law.^[1]

Lowther first entered Parliament in 1865, as Member of Parliament for York. His maiden speech was made against the Reform Bill introduced in 1866, the failure of which brought down the ministry of Lord Russell. He also vehemently opposed the Reform Act 1867, brought forward by Disraeli and Lord Derby, but was nonetheless appointed by Disraeli Parliamentary Secretary to the Poor Law Board the same year. He was a strong voice in the opposition to Gladstone, particularly to the Irish Land Bill of 1870.^[1]

With the return to power of Disraeli in 1874, he was appointed Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies. In 1878, he was further advanced to become Chief Secretary for Ireland and sworn of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and of Ireland. However, he was beset with difficulties during his tenure in the secretaryship. His opposition to the Land Bill was held against him, and he treated with contempt the agitation of the Land League, which would soon break out in the Land War. He went out of office with Disraeli's government in 1880, and lost his seat at York as well.^[1]

Lowther cultivated many interests outside of politics, and had time to cultivate them while attempting to return to Parliament. He served on several public bodies in Yorkshire and County Durham, He began to breed racehorses in 1873, and regularly ran them at races in the north of England.^[2] However, he did not bet on them, and was highly scrupulous in his conduct, becoming a member of the Jockey Club in 1877.^[1]

While Lowther was defeated at a by-election in Cumberland East in February 1881, he successfully capture North Lincolnshire in September of that year. Upon his return to the House of Commons, he became known for his arch-conservatism and protectionism. Upon the abolition of the North Lincolnshire constituency in 1885, he stood for Louth, but was defeated, and again in 1886 in Eskdale. He re-entered the house in 1888 at a by-election for the Isle of Thanet. Despite his uncompromising views, he enjoyed general popularity in the House of Commons, and had an excellent command of parliamentary procedure.^[1]

In 1882, his third cousin once removed, Hugh Lowther, succeeded as Earl of Lonsdale and to the Lowther estates, of which James was senior trustee. Lonsdale's habits were extravagant, and James was to have great difficulty in restraining his spending, which would ultimately ruin the estate. James himself inherited Wilton Castle upon his father's death in 1894, and took great interest in managing the estate. However, his life was approaching its end. By 1903, he had been forced to give over active Parliamentary work, and sold off his racehorses. He died on 12 September 1904 at Wilton, which he left to his nephew Col. John George Lowther.^[1]

[edit] External links

• Portraits of James Lowther at the National Portrait Gallery, London

[edit] References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Lucas, Reginald (2004). "Lowther, James (1840–1904)", in rev. H. C. G. Matthew: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved on 2007-01-26. 
2. ^ History of the Zetland Gold Cup. Retrieved on 2007-01-26.

• This page incorporates information from Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page.

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by John George Smyth Joshua Proctor Brown Westhead	Member of Parliament for York with George Leeman 1865–1868, 1871–1880 Joshua Proctor Brown Westhead 1865–1871 1865–1880	Succeeded by Ralph Creyke Joseph Johnson Leeman
Preceded by Rowland Winn Robert Laycock	Member of Parliament for North Lincolnshire with Rowland Winn 1881–1885 Henry John Farmer-Atkinson 1885 1881–1885	Succeeded by Constituency abolished
Preceded by Edward Robert King-Harman	Member of Parliament for Isle of Thanet 1888–1904	Succeeded by Harry Hananel Marks
Political offices
Preceded by Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen	Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies 1874–1878	Succeeded by The Earl Cadogan
Preceded by Sir Michael Hicks-Beach	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1878–1880	Succeeded by William Edward Forster