James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley
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Vice-Admiral James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley KG PC (aft. 1679 – 17 August 1736) was the son of Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley and Hon. Elizabeth Noel. He was a Royal Navy officer who served as First Lord of the Admiralty during the reign of King George I.
He became a captain in 1701, and was also MP for Gloucester 1701–1702. He took part in the battle off Málaga under Admiral Rooke, commanding HMS Boyne. He was summoned to Parliament by writ of acceleration as Lord Berkeley on 5 March 1705, and continued to rise in the Navy.
He commanded HMS St George in 1706, and narrowly escaped the wreck upon the Scillies in which Sir Cloudesley Shovell in HMS Association was lost on October 23, 1707. The St George ran aground on the same ledge as the Association, but was lifted off with the next wave. He was promoted to Vice-Admiral of the Blue that same year. He recaptured HMS Bristol, taken while guarding a convoy, from the French on April 9, 1709, but she sank shortly after. In November 1709 he was promoted to Vice-Admiral of the Red.
With the death of his father on September 24, 1710, he became the 3rd Earl of Berkeley and Viscount Dursley. That year, he was also made High Steward of Gloucester, Warden of the Forest of Dean, Constable of St. Briavel's Castle, and Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire, which he held until 1712, and then from 1714 to his death, and Custos Rotulorum of Surrey, which he held until his death. In 1714, besides his restoration to his offices in Gloucestershire, he was made a Lord of the Bedchamber.
He married Lady Louisa Lennox, daughter of Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond and Anne Brudenell, on 13 February 1711.
In 1717, he was made First Lord of the Admiralty, Vice-Admiral of Great Britain March 18, 1717, and a member of the Privy Council on April 17, 1717. On March 31, 1718, he was created a Knight of the Garter. He was dismissed as First Lord of the Admiralty in 1727, for opposing Sir Robert Walpole, and also left his office as Lord of the Bedchamber.
He died on 17 August 1736 at the Castle of Aubigny, France, and was buried on October 31, 1736 at Berkeley, Gloucestershire. He was succeeded by his son Augustus Berkeley, 4th Earl of Berkeley.
Lord Hervey wrote "he was a man of great family and great quality, rough, proud, hard, and obstinate, with excellent good natural parts, but so uncultivated that he was totally ignorant of every branch of knowledge but his profession. He was haughty and tyrannical, but honourable, gallant, observant of his word; equally incapable of flattering a prince, bending to a minister, or lying to anybody he had to deal with."
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Earl of Orford |
First Lord of the Admiralty 1717–1727 |
Succeeded by The Viscount Torrington |
| Honorary Titles | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Berkeley |
Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire 1710–1712 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Beaufort |
| Custos Rotulorum of Surrey 1710–1736 |
Succeeded by The Lord Onslow |
|
| Preceded by The Duke of Beaufort |
Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire 1714–1736 |
Succeeded by The Earl of Berkeley |
| Preceded by Unknown |
Vice-Admiral of Great Britain 1717–1736 |
Succeeded by Sir John Norris |
| Parliament of England | ||
| Preceded by William Selwyn John Bridgeman |
Member for Gloucester 1701–1702 with John Hanbury |
Succeeded by John Grobham Howe William Trye |
| Peerage of England | ||
| Preceded by Charles Berkeley |
Earl of Berkeley 1710–1736 |
Succeeded by Augustus Berkeley |
| Baron Berkeley (by writ of acceleration) 1705–1736 |
||
