J. C. Bamford

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J. C. Bamford Ltd.

Type	Private
Founded	1945
Headquarters	Rocester, United Kingdom
Key people	Sir Anthony Bamford, Chairman
Industry	Heavy equipment
Products	Construction, Demolition & Agriculture Machinery
Employees	6,000
Slogan	A Product of Hard Work
Website	www.jcb.com

This article is about the company. For its founder, see Joseph Cyril Bamford. For other uses of the abbreviation 'JCB', see JCB (disambiguation).

JCB, or "J.C.Bamford (Excavators) Ltd." as it is more properly known, is a family business named after its founder J.C.Bamford, producing distinctive yellow-and-black engineering vehicles, diggers ("Backhoes") and excavators. In the UK, the word "JCB" is sometimes used colloquially as a genericised trademark for any such type of engineering vehicle, now appearing in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still treated as a trademark. JCB now make over 160 types of machines for construction, industry, and agriculture.

1 Company
2 History
3 Company facts
4 Vehicles
- 4.1 Tractors
- 4.2 JCB Dieselmax
5 JCB display team
6 In popular culture
7 Images
8 External links

[edit] Company

The company was founded by Joseph Cyril Bamford in October 1945 in Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, England. Its UK factories are at:-

Cheadle (JCB Compact Products Ltd., JCB Earthmovers Ltd., JCB Landpower Ltd. and JCB Groundcare Ltd.).
Rocester: this is now the company's headquarters and production site for Backhoe Loaders and Telescopic 'Loadall' handlers.
Rugeley (JCB Cab Systems Ltd. and JCB Attachments Ltd.).
Uttoxeter (JCB Heavy Products Ltd. and JCB Service Ltd [World Parts Centre]).
Wrexham (JCB Transmissions Ltd.)
Foston (JCB Power Systems Ltd.).

JCB also has factories abroad in:-

India, at Ballabgarh (Haryana) and Pune.
The United States, in Pooler, Georgia.
Brazil, at São Paulo
China, at Pudong near Shanghai (completed in 2005).
Germany, at Gatersleben where production of compaction equipment by JCB Vibromax GMBH takes place.

In 2006, the company had 4000 employees.

The first vehicle made in 1945 by JCB was a farm trailer made from war-surplus materials. In 1948 there were six people working for his company, and it made the first hydraulic tipping trailer in Europe. In 1953, the first backhoe loader was launched, and by 1964 JCB had sold over 3000 3C backhoe loaders. In particular, this was due to entering the North American market. By 1978 the company had diversified with a Loadall machine, and has lately seen success with the Fastrac tractor.

JCB also owns Vibromax, a German compaction equipment company and has also licenced its name to a line of consumer power tools, manufactured by Alba (electronics) PLC.

[edit] History

1916 June 21: Joseph Cyril Bamford was born.
1945: He rented a lock-up garage 12 feet by 15 feet in Uttoxeter. In it, using a welding set which he bought second-hand for £1 from English Electric, he made a tipping trailer from war-surplus materials. Its sides and floor were made from steel sheet that had been part of air-raid shelters. On the same day as his son Anthony was born he sold the trailer at a nearby market for £45 (plus a part-exchanged farm cart) and at once made another trailer. The first trailer and the welding set have been preserved: see image gallery.
1948: There were 6 people working for the company. It made the first hydraulic tipping trailer in Europe.
1953 : The well-known JCB logo appeared. It was on a backhoe loader. He made the first backhoe excavator. He was a leading pioneer of the backhoe loading concept.
1958: He bought ten scooters with the number plates JCB1 to JCB10.
1960: JCB started fitting their typewriters with a special key to accurately render the JCB logo.
1960s: His hydraulic tractors entered the North American market, proving a long lasting success. It became, and still is, the brand leader in the world. The Dancing Diggers started.
1964: By now JCB had sold over 3000 3C backhoe loaders, particularly to customers in North America.
1969: He was awarded the CBE for Services to Export.
1975: Joseph Cyril Bamford retired.
1978: The Loadall machine was introduced.
2000: A JCB factory was completed in Pooler near Savannah, Georgia in USA.
2001: JCB opened a factory in Brazil.
2001: Joseph Cyril Bamford died aged 84. In his later life he was a tax exile.
2004: Production started of the JCB444 diesel engine. The first engine designed and manufactured by JCB.
2005: JCB bought Vibromax (a German compaction equipment company). That was the first time since 1968 that JCB bought a company.
2005: JCB opened a new factory in China at Pudong close to Shanghai.
2006: JCB has 4000 employees, which is twice what it was in 1975.

[edit] Company facts

JCB employ 6,300 people, and have operations in 150 countries. They have a range of more than 250 products. 17 factories - UK, Brazil, North America, India, China & Germany JCB is one of the world's top four construction equipment manufacturers with 550 dealers worldwide.

[edit] Vehicles

Most of the vehicles produced by JCB are some variant of the backhoe, with variations including tracked or wheeled variants, mini and large versions (but not the enormous mining vehicles sometimes associated with CAT) and other variations for carrying and moving items, for example fork lift vehicles and telescopic forklifts for moving materials to the upper floors of a building site.

[edit] Tractors

JCB has also made its name in the tractor world by producing one of the first such machines to feature proper suspension and capable of travelling at speed on roads. The Fastrac entered production in 1990. Prior to this design, the suspension was difficult because of the fixed-height connections required to farm machinery, and tractors were notoriously slow on the roads. Dependent on the model the Fastrac can travel at 50kph, 65kph or 75kph (40mph). The machine was featured on the BBC television programme Tomorrow's World when it first appeared due to its innovative design.

From 2006 the company also produces a range of compact tractors designed for grounds-care, horticultural, and light agricultural duties.

[edit] JCB Dieselmax

Main article: JCB Dieselmax

In April 2006, JCB announced that they were developing a Diesel-powered Land Speed Record vehicle known as the 'JCB Dieselmax'. The car is powered by two specially modified JCB 444 diesel powerplants that use a two-stage turbocharger to generate 750bhp, one engine driving the front wheels and the other the rear wheels.

On August 22, 2006 the Dieselmax, driven by Andy Green broke the diesel engine land speed record, attaining a speed of 328.767mph (529km/h). The following day, the record was again broken, this time with a speed of 350.092mph (563.418km/h).

[edit] JCB display team

To demonstrate the versatility of the backhoe configuration, JCB set up a display team (JCB Dancing Diggers) to tour agricultural shows and produce videos, showing some of the unusual ways in which such vehicles could support themselves or manoeuvre. For example, it is quite common for drivers to support the vehicle on both buckets, either for turning on the spot without damaging ground, or for spinning the tracks in a puddle to clean them. The display team expanded this concept into a sort of vehicle gymnastics.

[edit] In popular culture

In 1958 the singer Lenny Green had a song called JCB and Me.
In UK versions of the Teletubbies one of the live-actual visual 5-minute segments (seen from a Teletubby belly) featured number counting involving vehicles in lines. A row of JCBs are seen in line, their hydraulics operated as if they are 'dancing'.
JCB is gaining international notoriety of sorts after being prominently featured in the song "JCB" by the music group Nizlopi, which has achieved UK Number One status. The song is about a boy who goes to work with his father for the day.
A JCB (not talking) named Jekub appears in volume 2 (Diggers) of The Bromeliad (alias Nomes) series by Terry Pratchett.
The Lego Technic range featured a scale-model of the JCB backhoe (Set 8862), complete with working hydraulics systems (simulated using pneumatics) and many other features of the original.
The cutting of network cables during road repairs is now so common, that network engineers often refer to "backhoe fade" as an inevitable cause of communications problems.

[edit] Images

Restored JCB 3C MkII	JCB backhoe excavator at Northampton & Lamport Railway	JCB's first welding set	The first vehicle that JCB made (a farm trailer)
JCB 407	JCB 407	An JCB Fastrac 8250