Isoproterenol

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Isoproterenol
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-[1-hydroxy-2-(1-methylethylamino) ethyl] benzene-1,2-diol
Identifiers
CAS number	7683-59-2
ATC code	C01CA02 R03 AB02
PubChem	3779
DrugBank	APRD00182
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₁H₁₇N O₃
Mol. mass	211.258 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Isoproterenol hydrochloride or isoprenaline (Medihaler-Iso®) is a sympathomimeticbeta adrenergic receptor agonist medication, used as an inhaled aerosol to treat asthma. Although it activates all beta adrenergic receptors, it works in a similar fashion to the more selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists e.g. salbutamol, by relaxing the airways to increase airflow.

It is also supplied in ampules under the brand name Isuprel® for injection and in sublingual pill form for treatment of asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

It is structurally similar to epinephrine but acts for the most part on beta receptors.

Used with caution, it can also be used to treat Torsade de pointes, in conjunction with overdrive pacing and magnesium.

[edit] Pharmacological details

Isoprenaline is a synthetic derivative of noradrenaline that is not found in the body. It is also known as Isoproterenol.

It is a β₁ and β₂-adrenoceptor agonist which was commonly used to treat asthma before the more widespread use of salbutamol, which has more selective effects on the airways. Its Route of administration is either intravaneous, oral, intranasal, subcutaneous or intramuscular depending on use.

Isoprenaline is a sympathomimetic agent and is a non selective β-adrenoceptor agonist. It has unwanted side effects which include tachycardia and dysrhythmias that result from activation of β₁ receptors in the heart. The plasma half life for isoprenaline is about 2 hours.

Stimulation of β₁-adrenoceptors also leads to enhancing of phase 4 depolarisation in SA nodal cells, increasing the pacemaker potential (leading to increased frequency of contraction-chronotropy)