IPA2

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IPA2 (from International Persian Alphabet), also called Pársik, is a Latin-based alphabet for the Persian language proposed to replace the currently-in-use Perso-Arabic one.

IPA2 is a new writing system which considers fine points and features of the Persian language. It has been described as the most accurate alphabet for the language, covering almost all its aspects, written and spoken, formal and informal.

IPA2 was presented at the sixth Iranian Conference on Linguistics (November 2004); its proposed use is controversial as alphabet change is inevitably radical.

Contents

[edit] Nomenclature

“IPA2” is used both to differentiate this abbreviation from that of the renowned International Phonetic Alphabet and to indicate version 2.0 (considered final) of the alphabet developed by the Persian Linguistics Association.[1]

[edit] Letters and diacritics

Pársik letters
Capital Small Name Possible forms
mul * (¨) * mul (`) * vande (´) digraph/other
A a am Ä, ä À, à ↓
Á á ám Ã, ã Â, â Å, å (ám umi)
B b be
C c ci Ç, ç (ci zire)
D d de
E e em Ë, ë È, è É, é Ê, ê (absolute mul); Ě, ě (mul em vande)
F f fi
G g ge
H h he
I i im Ï, ï Ì, ì Í, í
J j je
K k ki
L l li
M m mi
N n ne
O o om Ö, ö Ò, ò Ó, ó
P p pi
Q q qu
R r re
S s se Sc, sc (sce)
T t ti
U u um Ü, ü Ù, ù
V v vu
W w dove
X x xe
Y y ye
Z z ze Zc, zc (zce)

[edit] Terminology

[edit] Mul (glottal stop/pause)

The mul is the same as the hamza (Persian: hamze) in the Perso-Arabic writing system. It is equal to Hebrew consonant aleph and in the Arabic alphabet is used to represent the sound of a glottal stop, transliterated into a form of apostrophe in English or [ʔ] in the International Phonetic Alphabet. In Pársik, the Perso-Arabic letter and sound ’ayn is also written with mul, because in Persian there is no difference in the articulation of hamza and ’ayn.

The mul either appears immediately before or after a vowel and is thusly prefixed or suffixed to the vowel name. There are some occasions where an isolated mul becomes necessary in writing. In these cases, the absolute form of mul (Ê, ê) is used.

“Mul” is a Persian word derived from the Persian infinitive “mulidan” and means “delay, pause”. This indicates that a mul sound should be pronounced with a very slight pause and the next sound should not be pronounced immediately. For example, in the word “bad” (bad), all the sounds are pronounced immediately one after another, but in the word “bàd” (then), there is a slight pause before pronouncing the sound [d]: ba-[pause]-d.

[edit] Vande (binding form)

Vande has no exact equivalent in English, but literally means “a thing that binds or relates something to another”. It comes from the Old Iranian root *band- (to bind) from Indo-European root *bhendh- (to bind).

[edit] Examples of usage

Below you will find a part of the article published and presented in Persian at the 6th ICL:[2]

Pársik scámel e 26 harf e bonyádi va 7 nescáne ast. In nescáneha baráye enëkás o tamáyoz dádan be vákeha vo nowê e ánha va niz enëkás e "mul" be kár mi ravand. Az doharfi e sc be ja e sh, zc be ja e zh, va takharfi e x be ja e kh va c be ja e ch estefáde mi scavad ta hoviyat e mostaqell e h hefz scavad.
Ba hamze va eyn be onván e mul yeksán barxord mi scavad. Har yek az horuf e án nám e vizce e xod ra dárad ke be guneiy entexáb scode ta harfxáni ra ásán va kamesctebáh konad.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

[edit] References

  1. ^ website available at http://www.persiandirect.com/
  2. ^ Moslehi Moslehabadi, Ali, (2004) “IPA2: Convergence of Phonetics and Persian Writing System”, Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Linguistics, Edited by Ebráhim Kázemi, Tehran, Allameh Tabatabai University, p.320
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