Invisible Runner Rule

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The invisible runner rule (sometimes called a ghost runner) is a device used in baseball when a team has less than four players. Used primarily in schoolyard games, the rule is called into action when a live runner on base is next in line to bat. The specifics of the rule vary regionally, and are often negotiated prior to the start of the game.

The following is a popular set of invisible runner rules:

  • The live runner must verbally announce "invisible runner on _______ base" before he can walk off base. Should the runner not make the announcement, he is liable to be tagged out by the opposing team.
  • The invisible runner(s) can only advance if they are forced.
  • The invisible runner(s) travel at the speed of the current batter. For example, assume an invisible runner on first base while the batter hits the ball. If the fielding team reaches second base before the batter reaches first base, the invisible runner is out. Otherwise, the invisible runner is considered safe.

The invisible runner rule can be deployed in all baseball-style games, including softball, stickball, and kickball.

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