Interstate 66

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Interstate 66 Main route of the Interstate Highway System
Length:	76.2[1] mi (122.76 km)
West end:	I-81 near Strasburg, VA
Major junctions:	I-495 near Vienna, VA SR 267 near Falls Church, VA
East end:	US 29 in Washington, DC
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Interstate 66 (abbreviated I-66) is an interstate highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its even route number, it runs in an east-west direction. Its western terminus is at Middletown, Virginia at an intersection with Interstate 81 (Map); its eastern terminus is at Washington, D.C. at an intersection with U.S. Route 29. (Map)

[edit] Route description

I-66 at its western terminus, where it splits from I-81

[edit] Virginia

Rush hour traffic on I-66 westbound heading into Prince William County

Because I-66 is the only major highway running west from Washington, D.C., into Northern Virginia, traffic on the road is often extremely heavy. For decades, there has been talk of widening I-66 from 2 to 3 lanes each way inside the Capital Beltway (through Arlington, Virginia), although many Arlington residents are adamantly opposed to this plan. Studies are being conducted by VDOT on the prospect of implementing this one-lane extension on westbound I-66 within the Beltway (thus alleviating congestion for people commuting away from DC).^[2]

Due to heavy commuter traffic, I-66 features HOV lanes in varying degrees. Between the Prince William Parkway (State Route 234) in Gainesville, Virginia and the Beltway, the left lane on eastbound I-66 is reserved for HOV-2 during morning rush hour, and the left lane on westbound I-66 is reserved for HOV-2 during evening rush hour. Also during those rush hours, between Route 50 and the Beltway, the right-hand shoulder is available for use as a travel lane. ^[3] Within the Beltway (between the Beltway and the Theodore Roosevelt Bridge), the entire eastbound (inbound) roadway is reserved for HOV-2 and Dulles Airport traffic during morning rush hour, and the entire westbound (outbound) roadway is reserved for HOV-2 and Dulles Airport traffic during evening rush hour. This is not readily and easily enforced, since single-passenger vehicles are allowed to come onto the highway within the beltway in the direction of rush-hour traffic when they are intending to use the Dulles toll road at exit 67. These restrictions may result more in a displacement of rush-hour than in an alleviation; I-66 is observed as relatively clear where and when they are in place, and congested for some time before and after.

[edit] District of Columbia

In Washington D.C., I-66 follows the West Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. After crossing the Potomac River on the Theodore Roosevelt Bridge concurrent with US 50, the route quickly turns north, separating from US 50. The Interstate interchanges with E Street before passing beneath Virginia Avenue in a short tunnel, before interchanging with the Rock Creek Parkway and Pennsylvania Avenue. The route eventually comes to a dead halt at US 29 and 27th Street.

[edit] Major cities

Bolded cities are officially-designated control cities for signs.

• Strasburg, Virginia
• Front Royal, Virginia
• Washington, D.C.

[edit] Intersections with other interstates

• Interstate 81 in Middletown, Virginia
• Interstate 495, the Capital Beltway at Falls Church, Virginia

[edit] Auxiliary routes

No auxiliary routes were constructed. Interstate 266 was planned in northern Virginia and Washington, D.C. It was cancelled in 1972 due to community opposition and environmental concerns.

[edit] Historical controversy

[edit] Virginia

Interstate 66 in Fairfax County outside of the Capital Beltway, with the Metrorail lines in the median. The left lane is HOV, and the right shoulder is used as a travel lane during rush hour.

As with many urban interstate highway projects, I-66 has encountered opposition from local citizen groups.

Most notably for I-66 was the construction through Arlington, Virginia, proposed in 1956. After the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) (then known as the Virginia Department of Highways) acquired two sections of the former route of the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad to provide a right-of-way through Arlington for the new highway, the Arlington Coalition on Transportation (ACT) filed a lawsuit in Federal District Court in 1971 opposing the Arlington portion of the project. The group objected to that urban segment due to concerns over air quality, noise and community cohesion changes. In 1972 the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in favor of ACT, technically blocking any construction. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the ruling in favor of ACT later in 1972^[4].

The impasse was eventually broken when the parties agreed on experts to conduct air quality and noise studies for VDOT; the firm of ESL Inc., the expert hired originally by ACT, was agreed upon to be hired by VDOT. Then, U.S. Secretary of Transportation Coleman personally intervened in 1976 with negotiations to reach a compromise of a reduced highway width including a transit element.^[5][6]

Less controversial was the portion of the highway's route immediately west of Arlington. There, VDOT decided to curve the highway to bypass the City of Falls Church, increasing the interstate's length while sparing the city from the road's immediate environmental impacts.

[edit] District of Columbia

In Washington D.C., I-66 was planned to extend east of its current terminus along the North Leg of the Inner Loop freeway. I-66 would have also met the eastern terminus of Interstate 266 at US 29, and the western terminus of the South Leg Freeway (I-695) at US 50; I-266 would have been a parallel route to I-66, providing more direct access to the North Leg from points west, while I-695 would have been an inner-city connector between I-66 and I-95.

The final plans for the North Leg Freeway, as published in 1971, outlined a 1.5-mile six-lane tunnel beneath K Street, between I-266/US 29 and New York Avenue, where the North Leg would emerge from the tunnel and join with the Center Leg Freeway (formerly I-95, now I-395); the two routes would run concurrently for 3/4 of a mile before reaching the Union Station interchange, where I-66 was planned to terminate.

Despite the plan to route the North Leg in a tunnel beneath K Street, the vitriolic opposition to previous, scrapped alignments for the D.C. freeway network, which included previous alignments for the North Leg Freeway, led to the mass cancellation of all unbuilt D.C. freeways in 1977, resulting in the truncation of I-66 at US 29.

[edit] Notes

A map of I-66, showing cities and intersections with other interstates

• This is the only 2 digit Interstate to enter the District of Columbia (other than the 100 yards (100 m) or so that I-95 passes through DC on the Woodrow Wilson Bridge).
• Between Vienna and western Arlington County, the Orange Line of the Washington Metro runs along the median of the interstate. Four stations (Vienna/Fairfax-GMU, Dunn Loring-Merrifield, West Falls Church, and East Falls Church) are located along this section.
• I-66 east has two exits, one from each side of the carriageway, to the Inner Loop of I-495. One is a right exit, while one is a left exit; the latter is retained to make it easier for traffic to join the Inner Loop without having to weave across the entire carriageway. Also, there is no access from the Outer Loop of I-495 to I-66 east; traffic wishing to make this movement must use VA 267 east.

[edit] Exit list

County	Municipality	Exit	Destination	Notes
[edit] Virginia
Frederick - Warren Boundary		1	Interstate 81 - Winchester, Roanoke
Warren	Front Royal	6	U.S. Route 340/U.S. Route 522 - Winchester, Front Royal
		13	State Route 79 TO State Route 55 - Linden
Fauquier		18	State Route 688
		23	U.S. Route 17 north/State Route 55 west - Delaplane, Paris	US 17 and SR 55 join eastbound and leave westbound
	Marshall	27	State Route 55 east/State Route 647 - Marshall	SR 55 leaves eastbound and joins westbound
	Marshall	28	US 17 south - Warrenton, Fredericksburg	US 17 leaves eastbound and joins westbound
	The Plains	31	State Route 245 / Old Tavern Road
Prince William	Haymarket	40	U.S. Route 15 - Leesburg, Haymarket
		43	U.S. Route 29 - Gainesville, Charlottesville
		44	State Route 234 south (Prince William Parkway)	SR 234 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
		47	Route 234 north/State Route 234 Business (Sudley Road) - Manassas	SR 234 leaves eastbound and joins westbound
Fairfax		52	US 29 - Centreville
		53	State Route 28 (Sully Road) - Dulles Airport, Centreville
		55	State Route 7100 (Fairfax County Parkway) - Springfield, Reston, Herndon
		57	U.S. Route 50 - Winchester, Fairfax, Virginia, Fair Oaks
City of Fairfax		60	State Route 123 - Fairfax, Vienna
Fairfax	Vienna	62	State Route 243 (Nutley Street) - Fairfax, Vienna
		64	Interstate 495 (Capital Beltway) - Baltimore, Richmond	Left and right exits eastbound (left from HOV lane), No exit I-66 west to I-495 North
		66	State Route 7 (Leesburg Pike) - Falls Church
		67	State Route 267 to Dulles Toll Road to I-495 north - Dulles Airport	Westbound exit only
Arlington		68	Westmoreland Street	Eastbound exit only
		69	US 29 (Lee Highway) /State Route 237 (Washington Boulevard) Eastbound Sycamore Street (westbound)
		71	State Route 120 (Glebe Road)/State Route 237 (Fairfax Drive)	Eastbound exit only to Fairfax Drive
		72	US 29 (Lee Highway) /Spout Run Parkway	Eastbound exit only
		73	Rosslyn, Key Bridge ( US 29)
		75	State Route 110 south - Pentagon, Alexandria to I-395/US 1 - Pentagon City, Crystal City	Eastbound exit only
[edit] District of Columbia
			US 50 west / Arlington Boulevard / George Washington Memorial Parkway	westbound exit and eastbound entrance; US 50 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
			Independence Avenue
			US 50 east / Constitution Avenue / Downtown	eastbound exit and westbound entrance; US 50 joins westbound and leaves eastbound
			E Street Expressway
			Rock Creek Parkway	eastbound exit and westbound entrance
			Pennsylvania Avenue	eastbound exit and westbound entrance
			US 29 south / Whitehurst Freeway / Canal Road	eastbound exit and westbound entrance

[edit] References

1. ^ Federal Highway Administration Route Log and Finder List, Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002
2. ^ Shaffer, Ron. "Dr. Gridlock", Washington Post, October 21, 2005.
3. ^ HOV Lanes - Northern Virginia HOV Operating Hours. VDOT Travel Center. Retrieved on April 11, 2006.
4. ^ Jay Mathews, High Court Backs Delay Of Rte. 66, The Washington Post, Times Herald, Washington, D.C., Nov 7, 1972
5. ^ An Abridged I-66 Chronology. The Arlington Coalition for Sensible Transportation. Retrieved on February 5, 2006.
6. ^ Hogan, C. M. and Harry Seidman, Air Quality and Acoustics Analysis of Proposed I-66 through Arlington, Virginia, ESL Inc. Technical Document T1026, Sunnyvale, Calif. (1971)

[edit] External links

• HOV schedule in Northern Virginia, from Virginia Dept. of Transportation
• December 22, 1982 Completion of I-66, from AASHTO
• This Day In Interstate Highway System History, from AASHTO
• Roads to the Future: Washington D.C. Interstates and Freeways

edit Main Interstate Highways (multiples of 5 in pink)
4	5	8	10	12	15	16	17	19	20	22	24	25	26	27	29	30
35	37	39	40	43	44	45	49	55	57	59	64	65	66	66 (W)		68
69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76 (W)		76 (E)		77	78	79	80	81	82
83	84 (W)		84 (E)		85	86 (W)		86 (E)		87	88 (W)		88 (E)		89	90
91	93	94	95	96	97	99	(238)		H-1		H-2		H-3
Unsigned			A-1		A-2		A-3		A-4		PRI-1		PRI-2		PRI-3
Lists		Main - Auxiliary - Suffixed - Business - Proposed - Unsigned Gaps - Intrastate - Interstate standards - Replaced

Browse numbered routes
< SR 65	VA		SR 67 >
< US 50	DC		I-95 >