Interleukin 10

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Crystal structure of monomeric human IL-10
interleukin 10
Identifiers
Symbol	IL10
HUGO	5962
Entrez	3586
OMIM	124092
RefSeq	NM_000572
UniProt	P22301
PDB	2H24
Other data
Locus	Chr. 1 q31-q32

Interleukin-10 (IL-10 or IL10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, capable of inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like Interferon-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNFα and GM-CSF made by cells such as macrophages and the Type 1 T helper cells. However, it is also stimulatory towards certain T cells, mast cells and B cells.

It is mainly expressed in monocytes and Type 2 T helper cells (T_H2), mast cells and also in a certain subset of activated T cells and B cells.

It is released by cytotoxic T-cells to inhibit the actions of NK cells during the immune response to viral infection.

[edit] Gene and Protein Structure

In humans, the IL-10 gene is located in chromosome 1 and consists of 5 exons.

The IL-10 protein is a homodimer . Each subunit is 178 amino-acids long.