Infrastructure of Hamilton, Ontario
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Below is the transportation infrastructure found in Hamilton, Ontario:
- See also: List of tallest buildings in Hamilton, Ontario and Sports venues in Hamilton, Ontario
- See also: List of streets in Hamilton, Ontario and List of neighbourhoods in Hamilton, Ontario
Contents |
[edit] Air
John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport, located on the Mountain at Mount Hope in the former Glanbrook Township, is the busiest air cargo hub in Canada and as well the fastest growing airport in Canada. Scheduled passenger service is provided by WestJet, who for several years used the airport as their primary point of access to Southern Ontario over the more expensive Toronto Pearson International Airport, and Air Canada Jazz; Flyglobespan Airlines will also introduce flights to England, Scotland and Ireland in May 2007, other airlines also offer vacation charters. The airport is also a major lower-cost alternative to Pearson for cargo air service. It is also home to the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum.[1] Currently the Airport needs 1,000 hectares of new employment land to handle its growth for the next 25 years; farmland around the airport is the best option available. A report by Hemson Consulting[2] says the city will need greenfields the size of the Royal Botanical Gardens on which to locate businesses that will generate an estimated 59,000 jobs by 2031. Aerotropolis, a proposed 1,050-hectare industrial park at Highway 6 and 403, has been a hotly debated issue at City Hall for years. Opponents feel the city needs to do more investigation about the cost to taxpayers before embarking on the project.[3]
[edit] Rail
Canadian National Railways (CN) serves Hamilton for lifting and setting off traffic for the Rail America (Southern Ontario Railway Shortline), but as heavy industry declined and the preferred mode of transportation changed to road, the number of branch lines and feeder tracks has declined dramatically. Until the early 1970s, the Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo Railway offered passenger service. Since the late 1980s, GO Transit has offered sporadic passenger train service from its James Street North station. In the late 1990s, GO Transit operations were consolidated at the refurbished Art Deco building on Hunter Street which formerly served the Toronto, Hamilton and Buffalo service. GO trains and buses serve a population of six million in an 8,000 km² area (3,000 sq.mi.) radiating from downtown Toronto to Hamilton and Guelph in the west; Orangeville, Barrie, and Beaverton to the north; and Port Perry, Oshawa, and Newcastle in the east. The buses extend GO's service as far as over 100 km (about 60 miles) from downtown Toronto. GO connects with every municipal transit system in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton areas, including the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). The TH&B station retains its name today and is now one of the most beautifully-rendered stations on the GO Transit network located in the heart of Hamilton's downtown core. The nearest VIA Rail Canada station is at Aldershot (GO Station) in west Burlington.
[edit] Bus
Hamilton has good bus connections with cities in southern Ontario and western New York. GO Transit offers frequent and reliable express bus service to Toronto, now from the TH&B station on Hunter Street East and formerly from Rebecca Street. Various other companies, such as Greyhound Canada and Coach Canada offer less frequent service to St. Catharines, Niagara Falls, Buffalo, Kitchener-Waterloo, Guelph, Brantford and London.
Within the city, the Hamilton Street Railway or HSR offers good service in the lower city (especially on east-west routes), reduced service on the Mountain and skeletal service outside the old city of Hamilton (except for Dundas, which is served about as well as the Mountain). The name is a legacy of the days when the majority of public transit vehicles were streetcars; the present-day Hamilton Street Railway is in fact built around bus services. Burlington Transit also serves Burlington via York Boulevard and the former Highway 2, and HSR connects downtown Burlington under the Burlington Skyway Bridge.
[edit] Highways and expressways
The following controlled access highways and expressways serve Hamilton, Ontario:
Queen Elizabeth Way, north Hamilton and Stoney Creek
Highway 403, Ancaster and west Hamilton
Highway 2, various streets, including York Boulevard and Dundurn Street.
Highway 5, decommissioned in 1997 by the Ontario Provincial Government. Currently runs from Highway 6 at Clappison's Corners, north.
Highway 6, Flamborough, Hamilton and Glanbrook, including access to John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport
Highway 8, Dundas (Cootes Drive), Hamilton and Stoney Creek
Highway 20, East Hamilton- Highway 53, Rymal Road, Hamilton
- Lincoln M. Alexander Parkway, ‘The LINC,' Mountain
- Red Hill Valley Parkway, New: *Under Construction*
- Burlington Street (upper deck), north Hamilton
There are several current or former Ontario highways in Hamilton, but they are not divided, controlled access highways. The controversial Red Hill Valley Parkway is under construction, and will join the LINC with the QEW in east Hamilton.
[edit] City streets
All of the old city of Hamilton is on a broken great grid pattern, with major north-south streets spaced approximately one half-mile apart and major east-west streets generally spaced six tenths of a mile apart - thus enclosing 160-acre concessions. Great grid streets on the Mountain bear the name of their lower city counterparts with the prefix "Upper" except for Garth Street, which would be Upper Dundurn Street if the pattern held.
East-west streets on the central and east Mountain are pretty regular, while those in the lower city (especially major ones) and west Mountain are very irregular. King and Main Streets run approximately parallel to one another though they intersect at The Delta. They are usually one way streets in opposite directions, so they are best conceptualized as a single very wide boulevard and are envied by other Ontario cities for their usually efficient flow of traffic.
However, some contend that the very efficiency that makes driving easy discourages pedestrian street life and hurts downtown businesses. Streets that have recently converted from one-way to two-way, like James Street North, have enjoyed a resurgence in local business, reinvestment in buildings, and improving economic activity.
Mountain Accesses in the city of Hamilton include the following: [4]
- Jolley Cut, named after James Jolley, (1813-1892), saddler, harnessmaker, politician who funded construction of the Jolley Cut. [5]
- Kenilworth Access
- Sherman Access
- Queen Street Access (Beckett’s Drive)
- Highway #403
- Mount Albion Road
- Highway #20
- James Street Access
- Claremont Access
[edit] Bridges
There are 389 Bridges and culverts in Hamilton including 25 bridges being built for the Red Hill Valley Parkway. Total Replacement value is more than $350-million. Hamilton has the second largest number of municipal bridges in Ontario. Up to $6-million is spent annually on bridge projects.
22-point inspections (including the deck, hand railings, expansion joints, approaches and substructure) are conducted every two years by engineering firms. The Mary Street bridge is closed to vehicle traffic and will become a pedestrian bridge once a Ferguson Avenue bridge is completed. The Ray Street pedestrian bridge north of Hunter Street was closed after an inspection.
As of 8 January, 2007, Dundurn Street South is closed between Main Street West and Hill Street until the end of June 2007 while Canadian Pacific Railway replaces the bridge nearest Main Street. The city of Hamilton and CPR are splitting the $2.2-million cost.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Invest in Hamilton, Economic Development Review 2005, Wednesday, 28 June, 2006, "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport Highlights." Page H14
- ^ Hemson Consulting Ltd.. Retrieved on 2007-02-02.
- ^ McacIntyre, Nicole. "Airport land 'key to future'", The Hamilton Spectator, 2007-01-30. Retrieved on 2007-02-05.
- ^ Fast Facts from Hamilton's Past. Retrieved on 2007-01-08.
- ^ Bailey, Thomas Melville (1981). Dictionary of Hamilton Biography (Vol I, 1791-1875). W.L. Griffin Ltd.
- ^ Burman, John. "Bridge bottleneck", The Hamilton Spectator, 2007-01-08, pp. A10. Retrieved on 2007-01-08.
