Indianapolis, Indiana
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| Indianapolis, Indiana | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| County | Marion | ||
| Founded | 1821 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Bart Peterson (D) | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 372 sq mi (963.5 km²) | ||
| - Land | 365.1 sq mi (945.6 km²) | ||
| - Water | 6.9 sq mi (17.9 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 715 ft (218 m) | ||
| Population (2000) | |||
| - City | 791,926 | ||
| - Density | 2,169/sq mi (837/km²) | ||
| - Metro | 1,939,349 | ||
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) | ||
| Website: http://www.indygov.org/ | |||
Indianapolis (IPA: [ˌɪndiəˈnæpəlɪs]) is the capital city of the State of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. According to the 2000 Census, its population is listed as 791,926, making it Indiana's most populous city, the 12th largest city in the U.S. and the third largest city in the Midwest.
Greater Indianapolis consists of Marion County and several contiguous counties. By one broad definition the Combined Statistical Area (CSA) of Indianapolis had a population of about 2 million people in 2005, ranking 23rd in the United States and 7th in the midwest. As a unified labor and media market, the Indianapolis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) had a 2005 population of 1.64 million persons, ranking 34th in the United States. Indianapolis is the 8th largest MSA in the Midwest, following Chicago, Detroit, Minneapolis, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Columbus.
A city that has managed to escape a Rust Belt reputation, Indianapolis is well known as a city with a strong sports reputation, having hosted major events such as the 1987 Pan American Games, the NCAA Basketball Tournament and is perhaps most famous for annually hosting the Indianapolis 500. Common nicknames for Indianapolis include Indy, Naptown, the Crossroads of America, and the Circle City.[1]
[edit] History
- For more details on this topic, see History of Indianapolis.
Indianapolis was founded as the state capital in 1821. Jeremiah Sullivan, a judge of the Indiana Supreme Court, invented the name Indianapolis by joining Indiana with polis, the Greek word for city; literally, Indianapolis means "Indiana City". The city was founded on the White River under the incorrect assumption that the river would serve as a major transportation artery; however, the waterway was too sandy for trade. The state commissioned Alexander Ralston to design the new capital city. Ralston was an apprentice to the French architect Pierre L'Enfant, and he helped L'Enfant plan Washington, DC. Ralston's original plan for Indianapolis called for a city of only 1 square mile, and, at the center of the city, sat the Governor's Circle, a large circular commons, which was to be the site of the Governor's mansion. The Governor's mansion was finally demolished in 1857 and in its place stands a 284-foot-tall (86.5-meter-tall) neoclassical limestone and bronze monument, the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument.
The city lies on the original east-west National Road. The first railroad to service Indianapolis, the Madison & Indianapolis, began operation on October 1, 1847, and subsequent railroad connections made expansive growth possible. By the turn of the century, Indianapolis had become a heavy automobile manufacturer, rivaling the likes of Detroit. With roads leading out of the city at all directions, Indianapolis was on its way to becoming a major "hub" of regional transport connecting to Chicago, Louisville, Cincinnati, Columbus and St. Louis, as is befitting the capital of a state whose motto is "The Crossroads of America." This same network of roads would allow quick and easy access to suburban areas in future years. Natural gas and oil deposits in the surrounding area in the late 19th century helped the economy of Indianapolis prosper. City population grew rapidly throughout the first half of the 20th century. During this period, rapid suburbanization began to take place, and racial relations deteriorated throughout the 1960s, although, on the night that the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated, Indianapolis was the only major city in which rioting did not occur. Racial tensions heightened in 1970 with the passage of Unigov, which further isolated the middle class from Indianapolis' growing African American community.
In the 1970s and 1980s Indianapolis suffered at the hands of urban decay and white flight. Major revitalization of the city's blighted areas, such as Fall Creek Place, and especially the downtown, occurred in the 1990s and led to an acceleration of growth in and around the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area.
[edit] Neighborhoods
- See also: Indianapolis Cultural Districts
Indianapolis has several distinct neighborhoods and cultural districts throughout the city:
[edit] Geography and climate
According to the United States Census Bureau, "the balance" (that part of Marion County not part of another municipality) has a total area of 368.2 square miles (953.5 km²)—361.5 square miles (936.2 km²) of it is land and 6.7 square miles (17.3 km²) of it is water. The total area is 1.81% water. These figures are slightly misleading because they do not represent the entire Consolidated City of Indianapolis (all of Marion County, except the four "excluded" communities). The total area of the Consolidated City of Indianapolis, which does not count the four "excluded" communities, covers approximately 373.1 square miles (966.3 km²).
At the center of Indianapolis is the One-Mile Square, bounded by four appropriately-named streets: East, West, North, and South Streets. Nearly all of the streets in the One-Mile Square are named after U.S. states. (The exceptions are Meridian Street, which numerically divides west from east; Market Street, which intersects Meridian Street at Monument Circle; Capitol and Senate Avenues, where many of the Indiana state government buildings are located; and Washington Street, which was named after President George Washington. The street-numbering system centers not on the Circle, but rather one block to the south, where Meridian Street intersects Washington Street — National Road.)
Indianapolis is situated in the Central Till Plains region of the United States. Two natural waterways dissect the city: the White River, and Fall Creek.
Physically, Indianapolis is similar to many other Midwestern cities. A mix of deciduous forests and prairie covered much of what is considered Indianapolis prior to the 19th century. Land within the city limits varies from flat to gently sloping; most of the changes in elevation are so gradual that they go unnoticed, and appear to be flat from close distances. The mean elevation for Indianapolis is 717 feet. The highest point in Indianapolis lies at the Marion/Boone County line, with an elevation of about 900 feet, and the lowest point in Indianapolis lies at the Marion County/Johnson County line, with an elevation of about 680 feet. The highest hill in Indianapolis is Mann Hill, a bluff located along the White River in Southwestway Park that rises about 150 feet above the surrounding land. Variations in elevation from 700-900 feet occur throughout the city limits. There are a few moderately-sized bluffs and valleys in the city, particularly along the shores of the White River, Fall Creek, Geist Reservoir, and Eagle Creek Reservoir, and especially on the city's Northeast and Northwest sides.
Indianapolis has a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa). Like most cities in the Midwest, it has four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid, with average high temperatures approaching 90°F (32°C), with days approaching or exceeding 100°F (38°C) not unheard of. Spring and autumn are usually pleasant, with temperatures reaching around 65°F (18°C). Winters are cool to cold, with daily highs barely inching above freezing. Temperatures can fall into negative digits. The rainiest months are in the summer, with average rainfalls of over four inches per month, but these averages fluctuate only slightly throughout the year.
The city's average annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm).
The average July high is 86°F (30°C), with the low being 65°F (16°C). January highs average 34°F (1°C), and lows 18°F (-8°C). The record high for Indianapolis is 107°F (42°C), on July 25th, 1954. The record low is -27°F (-33°C), on January 19th, 1994. Snowfall varies from about 20 to 30 inches (500–760 mm) a year.
| Month[2] | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high °F (°C) | 34 (1) | 40 (5) | 52 (11) | 63 (17) | 74 (23) | 84 (29) | 87 (30) | 85 (29) | 80 (26) | 66 (19) | 52 (11) | 39 (5) | 62 (17) |
| Avg low °F (°C) | 18 (−8) | 22 (−6) | 32 (0) | 41 (5) | 52 (11) | 64 (18) | 68 (20) | 66 (19) | 58 (14) | 44 (7) | 34 (2) | 24 (−4) | 43 (7) |
[edit] Demographics
| Historical population[3] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Census year |
Population | Rank |
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| 1840 | 2,692 | - |
| 1850 | 8,091 | 87 |
| 1860 | 18,611 | 48 |
| 1870 | 48,244 | 27 |
| 1880 | 75,056 | 24 |
| 1890 | 105,436 | 27 |
| 1900 | 169,164 | 21 |
| 1910 | 233,650 | 22 |
| 1920 | 314,194 | 21 |
| 1930 | 364,161 | 21 |
| 1940 | 386,972 | 20 |
| 1950 | 427,173 | 23 |
| 1960 | 476,258 | 26 |
| 1970 | 744,624 | 11 |
| 1980 | 700,807 | 12 |
| 1990 | 741,952 | 13 |
| 2000 | 791,926 | 12 |
Note: The statistical data in this article does not represent the entire Consolidated City of Indianapolis (i.e. all of Marion County, except for the four excluded municipalities); instead this article refers to Indianapolis (balance), Indiana, which is a Census statistical area, but not a legal entity. As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 781,870 people, 320,107 households, and 192,704 families residing in the city, but the metropolitan population was nearing 1.5 million. The population density was 2,163.0 people per square mile (835.1/km²). There were 352,429 housing units at an average density of 975.0 per square mile (376.4/km²). The racial makeup of the balance was 69.1% white, 25.50% black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 1.43% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.04% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. 3.92% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. From 2000 to 2004, the Hispanic population in Indianapolis increased by 43%.[1] The majority of the non-white population lives in the central and north portions of the inner-city area. Indianapolis has over 6000 immigrants from the former Yugoslavia.
There are 320,107 households out of which 29.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% are married couples living together, 15.1% have a female householder with no husband present, and 39.8% are non-families. 32.0% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.39 and the average family size is 3.04.
The age distribution is: 25.7% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 34 years. For every 100 females there are 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males.
The median income for a household in the balance is $41,964, and the median income for a family is $48,755. Males have a median income of $36,302 versus $27,738 for females. The per capita income is $21,640.[2] 14.8% of the population and ??? of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 16.2% of those under the age of 18 and 8.1% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
[edit] Government
Indianapolis utilizes Unigov, a complex, multi-tiered City-county consolidated government, with overlapping and incomplete jurisdictions at many levels. The current mayor of Indianapolis (as of 2007) is Bart Peterson (D). Mayors since the institution of the current government structure have been: Steve Goldsmith (R), 1992-1999, William Hudnut (R), 1976-1991, and current U.S. Senator Dick Lugar (R), who served 1968-1975. As the capital of Indiana, Indianapolis is the location of the Indiana General Assembly, the Supreme Court of Indiana, and the office of the Governor of Indiana.
[edit] Law enforcement
Indianapolis and Marion County historically maintained separate police agencies, the Indianapolis Police Department and Marion County Sheriff's Department respectively. On January 1, 2007, a new agency, the Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department, was formed by adding the law enforcement branch of the Marion County Sheriff Department to the current Indianapolis Police Department. IMPD is a distinct agency, while the Sheriff's Department will continue in its jail and court functions. IMPD has jurisdiction over those portions of Marion County not explicitly covered by the police of an excluded city or by a legacy pre-Unigov force. Similar consolidation attempts are underway involving several of the local township fire departments with the Indianapolis Fire Department.
[edit] Crime
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For the past decade, crime rates within Indianapolis city limits have fluctuated greatly. In the late 1990s, violent crimes in inner-city neighborhoods located within the old city limits (pre-consolidation) peaked. The IPD police district, which serves about 37% of the county's total population and has a geographic area covering mostly the old pre-consolidation city limits, recorded 130 homicides in the year 1998 to average approximately 40.3 homicides per 100,000 people.[citation needed] This is over 6 times the 1998 national homicide average of 6.3 per 100,000 people.[citation needed] Meanwhile, Marion County Sheriff's police district serving the remaining 63% of the county's population, which includes the majority of the residents in the Consolidated City, recorded only 32 homicides in 1998, averaging about 5.9 murders per 100,000 people, slightly less than the 1998 national homicide average.[citation needed] Homicides in the IPD police district dropped dramatically in 1999 and have remained lower through 2005. In 2005, the IPD police district recorded 88 homicides to average 27.3 homicides per 100,000 people; none the less, the murder rate in the IPD district is still almost 5 times the 2005 national average.[citation needed]
When considering the total Consolidated City of Indianapolis, the overall crime rate has historically been low compared to the national average. Nonetheless, crime in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods remains a problem. Areas of Indianapolis that were unincorporated or separate municipalities before the 1970 city-county consolidation generally have significantly lower crime rates although their aggregate population is higher than the old pre-consolidation Indianapolis city limits. Thus, crime figures for the Consolidated City and the entire Marion County average out to a low rate. However, according to FBI reports in 2006, for the first half of the year, Indianapolis saw one of the larger increases in homicides in the country for the first half of 2006 as compared to the same time period in 2005.[4] Overall violent crime in Indianapolis increased 8% for the first half of 2006 compared to the first half of 2005.[5] While Marion County has still not surpassed its record homicide number of 162 set in 1998, it is on pace to see one of the highest numbers of homicides since 1998, with 153 committed in 2006 as the year draws to a close.
[edit] Politics
Until the late 1990s, Indianapolis was considered to be one of the most conservative metropolitan areas in the country but this trend is reversing. Republicans had held the majority in the City-County Council for 36 years, and the city had a Republican mayor for 32 years from 1967 to 1999. Then in the 1999 mayoral election, Democrat Bart Peterson defeated Indiana Secretary of State Sue Anne Gilroy by 52 percent to 41 percent. Four years later, Peterson was re-elected in a landslide with 63 percent of the vote. Republicans narrowly lost control of the City-County Council that year.
In 2004, Democrats won the Marion County offices of treasurer, surveyor and coroner. The county GOP lost further ground during the 2006 elections with Democrats winning the offices of county clerk, assessor, recorder and auditor. Only one GOP countywide office remains: Prosecutor Carl Brizzi, who narrowly defeated Democratic challenger Melina Kennedy with just fifty-one percent of the vote in his bid for a second term, despite outspending her two-to-one. At the township level, Democrats picked up the trustee offices in Washington, Lawrence, Warren and Wayne townships, while holding on to Pike and Center townships.
John Kerry defeated George W. Bush in the 2004 U.S. presidential election by roughly 6,000 votes in Marion County, 51 percent to 49 percent.[citation needed]
[edit] Education
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[edit] Higher education
Indianapolis is the home of the following colleges and universities (in alphabetical order): Butler University, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana, Marian College, Martin University, Oakland City University Indianapolis, and the University of Indianapolis(UIndy).
Butler University was originally founded in 1855 as North Western Christian University. The school purchased land in the Irvington area in 1875. The school moved again in 1928 to its current location in at the edge of Butler-Tarkington. The school removed itself officially from religious affiliation, giving up the theological school to Christian Theological Seminary. A private institution, Butler's current student enrollment is approximately 4,400.
IUPUI was originally an urban conglomeration of branch campuses of the two major state universities, Indiana University in Bloomington and Purdue University in West Lafayette, created by the state legislature. In 1969 a merged campus was created at the site of the Indiana University School of Medicine. IUPUI's student body is currently just under 30,000, making it the third-largest institute of higher learning in Indiana.
Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana, a state funded public school, was founded as Indiana Vocational Technical College in 1963. With 23 campuses across Indiana, Ivy Tech has a total enrollment of just over 70,300, with just over 12,000 attending campuses in the Indianapolis area.
Marian College was founded in 1936 when St. Francis Normal and Immaculate Conception Junior College merged. The college moved to Indianapolis in 1937. Marian is currently a private Catholic school and has an enrollment of approximately 1,800 students.
University of Indianapolis is a private school affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Founded in 1902 as Indiana Central University, the school currently hosts almost 4,300 students.
Wishard Health Servies: Indianapolis maintains and utilizes Indianapolis' oldest hosptial (145 years) as their community hosptial for the 'underserved.' Wishard Memorial Hopsital, being Indianapolis' community hosipital is the home of residency for IU Medical students, reduntly for many years. (http://www.wishard.edu/about-us.html)
[edit] Primary and secondary education
Indianapolis has eleven unified public school districts (eight township educational authorities and three legacy districts from before the unification of city and county government) each of which provides primary, secondary, and adult education services within its boundaries. The boundaries of these districts do not exactly correspond to township (or traditional) boundaries, but rather cover the areas of their townships that were outside the pre-consolidation city limits. Indianapolis also has five public International Baccalaureate high schools, Lawrence Central High School, Lawrence North High School, North Central High School, Pike High School, Northwest High School(recently accredited), and a private school, the International School of Indiana, that awards this. Indianapolis also has several Roman Catholic high schools, including Brebeuf Jesuit Preparatory School, Bishop Chatard High School, Cathedral High School, Roncalli High School, Scecina Memorial High School, and Cardinal Ritter High School. Indianpolis also has a Protestant high school called Heritage Christian High School and a Lutheran high school, Lutheran High School of Indianapolis.
[edit] Libraries
Free public library service is provided to the citizens of Indianapolis and Marion County by the Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library (IMCPL). The educational and cultural institution, founded in 1873, now consists of a Central Library, located in downtown Indianapolis, and 22 Branch locations spread throughout the city. Serving over 5.43 million visitors in 2006, IMCPL's mission is to provide "materials and programs in support of lifelong learning, recreational and economic interests of all citizens of Marion County."
[edit] Cultural features
- For more details on this topic, see Indianapolis Cultural Districts.
Indianapolis prides itself on its rich cultural heritage. Several initiatives have been made by the Indianapolis government in recent years to increase Indianapolis' appeal as a destination for arts and culture.
[edit] Monument Circle
At the center of Indianapolis is Monument Circle, a traffic circle at the intersection of Meridian and Market Streets, featuring the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument. (Monument Circle is depicted on the city’s flag, and is generally considered the city’s symbol). Monument Circle is in the shadow of Indiana's tallest skyscraper, the Chase Tower. Up until the early 1960s, Indianapolis zoning laws stated that no building could be taller than the Soldiers and Sailors Monument.
[edit] War Memorial Plaza
A five-block plaza at the intersection of Meridian and Vermont surrounding a large memorial dedicated to Hoosiers who have fought in American wars. It was originally constructed to honor the Indiana soldiers who died in World War I, but construction was halted due to lack of funding during the Great Depression, and it was finished in 1951. The purpose of the memorial was altered to encompass all American wars in which Hoosiers fought.
The monument is modeled after the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus and is 210 feet (64 m) tall, making it taller than the original Mausoleum, according to historical accounts (it was demolished to build a fort during the Crusades). Blue lights on the side of the building between the columns make it easy to spot. The national headquarters of the American Legion is immediately north of the Memorial.
[edit] Indiana Statehouse
The Statehouse houses the Indiana General Assembly, the Governor of Indiana, the state courts and other state officials.
[edit] Cultural districts
Indianapolis has designated six official Cultural Districts. They are Broad Ripple Village, Massachusetts Avenue, Fountain Square, The Wholesale District, Canal and White River State Park, and Indiana Avenue. These areas have held historic and cultural importance to the city. In recent years they have been revitalized and are becoming major centers for tourism, commerce and residential living.
[edit] Broad Ripple village
Originally an independent municipality, Broad Ripple was annexed by Indianapolis in 1922. It currently hosts an active social scene, fueled by proximity to Butler University and by a large number of private art galleries, bars, and independently owned restaurants.
[edit] Massachusetts Avenue
Massachusetts Avenue offers some of the city's most visible theaters and art galleries. Located just a few blocks northeast of Monument Circle (appx 1 mile north east), Massachusetts Avenue was designed in 1821 as one of Downtown's four original diagonal streets.
Gentrification in the 1990s propelled the area from squalor to one of the city's more fashionable addresses. Currently, redevelopment of "Mass Ave" focuses on fostering locally-owned shops, theaters, and restaurants. The once destined-for-demolition Athenaeum building now houses the American Cabaret Theatre and the Rathskeller Restaurant [3] with its popular Biergarten.
[edit] Fountain Square
Fountain Square is a neighborhood on the southeast side of the city located approximately 1½ miles (2.4 km) from downtown and centered at the intersection of Virginia Avenue and Shelby Street. A center of commerce for more than 100 years, the historic community is undergoing a period of rebirth and restoration, and is emerging as an ethnic and arts center in the city.
[edit] Wholesale District
Around the turn of the century Indianapolis had one of the largest networks of railroads in the nation and hundreds of trains passed through Union Station daily, the streets local to the station were lined with businesses, hotels, warehouses, retail shops and more. Wholesale grocers sold fresh goods daily before the advent of the modern grocery store. Unfortunately, the Great Depression devastated the area and few businesses remained.
Since 1995, more than $686 million has been invested in the area, transforming it into the city's premier arts and entertainment district. Recent additions include more than 35 new businesses, Circle Centre, Conseco Fieldhouse, and a number of upscale restaurants. The area also includes the Hilbert Circle Theatre, home of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra, which in 2003 underwent a 2.5 million dollar renovation.
[edit] Canal and White River State Park
The long defunct Central Canal located in Indianapolis was refurbished and re-opened as a city recreational area. This new incarnation was inspired by Venetian canals. Gradually, cultural attractions were built along the Canal in the 1990s. The north end of the Canal is now home to a burgeoning commercial life science initiative, anchored by a state-certified technology park.
[edit] Indiana Avenue
Since 1870, Indiana Avenue has been the epicenter of black culture within the city. As the population escalated, African-American residents remained and opened more and more businesses. Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, the oldest African-American congregation in Indianapolis, was organized in 1836. The first African-American businesses appeared on the 500 Block of Indiana Avenue as early as 1865: Samuel G. Smother's grocery store; William Franklin's peddler shop and the city's first African-American-owned newspaper, The Indianapolis Leader in 1879. The Walker Theatre, sponsored by African-American businesswoman and philanthropist Madam C.J. Walker is located on Indiana Avenue.
[edit] Festivals
Beginning in 1999 the city became host to the annual Indy Jazz Festival. The festival is a three day event held in Military Park near the canal. Past stars have included B.B. King, Aretha Franklin, Bruce Hornsby, Bela Fleck & The Flecktones, Kool and the Gang, Ray Charles, The Temptations, Dave Brubeck, Emmylou Harris, Chris Isaak, Jonny Lang, Norah Jones and regional and local favorites such as Jennie DeVoe, Cathy Morris and Buselli Wallarab Jazz Orchestra.
Every May Indianapolis holds the 500 Festival, a month of events culminating in the Indianapolis 500 Festival Parade the day before the running of the Indianapolis 500. The Festival was begun in 1957 and the first Queen of the Festival was Ann Lawrie who was named in 1959.
The Circle City Classic is one of America’s top historically African-American college football tournaments. The football game is the showcase event of an entire weekend. The weekend is a celebration of cultural excellence and educational achievement while showcasing the spirit, energy and tradition of America’s historically black colleges and universities.
In 2003, Indianapolis began hosting Gen Con, the largest role-playing game convention in the nation (record attendance thus far being numbered in excess of 30,000), at the Indiana Convention Center. Future expansion of the convention space is expected by many to further increase attendance numbers in coming years. The convention center has also recently played host to such events as Star Wars Celebration II and III, which brought in Star Wars fans from around the world, including George Lucas. From October 25 to 28 2006, the convention center was home to the 79th national FFA convention, bringing around 50,000 visitors in from around the country. It will also host it every year up to 2012.[6]
Indianapolis is also home to the Indiana State Fair, as well as the Heartland Film Festival, The Indianapolis International Film Festival, the Indianapolis Theatre Fringe Festival, the Indianapolis Alternative Media Festival, and the Indianapolis LGBT Film Festival.
The Indy International Wine Competition which is the largest U.S. wine competition outside of California is held in Indianapolis every July at the Indiana State Fairgrounds.
The city has a vibrant arts community that includes many fairs celebrating a wide variety of arts and crafts during the summer months. They include the Broad Ripple Art Fair,Talbot Street Art Fair, Carmel Arts Festival and the Penrod Art Fair
[edit] Ethnic and cultural heritage festivals
Perhaps the largest of Indianapolis' ethnic and cultural heritage festivals is the Summer Celebration held by Indiana Black Expo. This ten-day national event highlights the contributions of African Americans to U.S. society and culture and provides educational, entertainment, and networking opportunities to the over 300,000 participants from around the country.
Indy's International Festival is held annually in November at the Indiana State Fairgrounds. Local ethnic groups, vendors and performers are featured alongside national and international performers.
St. Joan of Arc church and school holds a French Market[4] every September with raffles, food, live music, and free admission.
Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church hosts the Indy Greek Festival the Friday and Saturday after Labor Day in September.
The Indy Irish Festival is an annual event in the middle of every September.
The Italian Street Festival is held annually in early June at the Holy Rosary Catholic Church.
The Fiesta Indianapolis is held annually in September by La Plaza at the American Legion Mall and Veterans Memorial Park
The German Fest is an annual event held in October at the Rathskeller in the Athenaeum Building
The Middle Eastern Festival of Indianapolis takes place annually in late September at St. George Orthodox Christian Church.
The St. Nicholas Serbian Orthodox Church of Indianapolis hosts many different events each year. To find out more visit http://home.att.net/~st.nicholas.indy/
[edit] Sports
Indianapolis is the home of the Indianapolis Impalas, a men's rugby team, Indianapolis Indians, a minor league baseball team in the International League, the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association, the Indiana Fever of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Super Bowl XLI champion Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League.
In addition, the headquarters of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), the main governing body for U.S. collegiate sports, is in Indianapolis, as is the National Federation of State High School Associations.
The city has hosted the men's and women's NCAA Final Four (the semifinals and final of the NCAA basketball tournament) several times, and as of 2006 the NCAA is holding the Women's Final Four in Indianapolis at least once every five years.
| Club | Sport | League | Stadium (or Arena) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indianapolis Colts | Football | National Football League (AFC) | RCA Dome
Lucas Oil Stadium (starting 2008) |
| Indiana Speed | Football (women's) | Women's Professional Football League | Broad Ripple High School |
| Indiana Pacers | Basketball | National Basketball Association | Conseco Fieldhouse |
| Indiana Fever | Basketball (women's) | Women's National Basketball Association | Conseco Fieldhouse |
| Indianapolis Indians | Baseball | International League | Victory Field |
| FC Indiana | Soccer | Women's Premier Soccer League | Kuntz Stadium |
| Indiana Ice | Hockey | United States Hockey League | Pepsi Coliseum |
| Indianapolis Impalas | Rugby (Men's) | USA Rugby | Lake Sullivan Park |
[edit] The Indianapolis Motor Speedway
The Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS), located in Speedway, Indiana, is the site of the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race (also known as the Indy 500), an open-wheel automobile race held each Memorial Day weekend on a 2.5 mile (4 km) oval track. The Indy 500 is the largest single-day sporting event in the world, hosting more than 257,000 permanent seats (not including the infield area).
The track is often referred to as "the Brickyard," as it was paved with 3.2 million bricks shortly after its initial construction in 1909. Today the track is paved in asphalt although a section of bricks remains at the start/finish line.
In 1998 IMS began expanding the original track to include a Formula One road course utilizing the traditional brick start-finish line and adding new track in the "infield."
The first 500-Mile Race (804.67 km), held in 1911, was won by driver Ray Harroun driving a Marmon Wasp. (Marmon, incidentally, was an Indianapolis manufacturer.) The "500" is currently part of the Indy Racing League series.
IMS also hosts the NASCAR Allstate 400 at the Brickyard (originally the "Brickyard 400"). The Brickyard 400 is currently NASCAR's highest attended race, and is run every August. Driver Jeff Gordon was the first to cross the finish line in the inaugural 1994 running.
In 2000, IMS hosted a renewed Formula One United States Grand Prix for the first time. Driver Michael Schumacher took the first finish.
Other series host races at nearby Indianapolis Raceway Park; it is also the site of the annual "Hot Rod Nationals", the most prestigious drag-racing meet of the year for the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA).
[edit] Miscellaneous
Indianapolis has been referred to as "The Amateur Sports Capital of the World".
Indianapolis hosted the 1987 Pan American Games.
[edit] Parks
Indianapolis has an extensive municipal park system with nearly 200 parks occupying over 10,000 acres (40 km²). The flagship Eagle Creek Park is one of the largest municipal parks in the nation. Indianapolis also has an urban forestry program that has garnered several Tree City USA awards from the National Arbor Day Foundation.
[edit] Indianapolis Mini-Marathon
Indianapolis is home to the largest mini-marathon (and eighth largest running event) in America. This event is run every year as part of the 500 Festival and includes one lap around the track at the Motor Speedway
[edit] Museums
- Children's Museum of Indianapolis
- Indianapolis Museum of Art
- Colonel Eli Lilly Civil War Museum
- Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians & Western Art
- Indiana State Museum
- NCAA Hall of Champions (Hall of Fame for college athletics)
- James Whitcomb Riley Museum Home
The Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame Museum is in Speedway, which is surrounded by Indianapolis.
Conner Prairie is located north of the city in suburban Fishers.
[edit] Other places of interest
- Lockerbie Square
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
- Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library
- Butler University
- Garfield Park Conservatory and Sunken Gardens
- Holcomb Gardens
- Slippery Noodle Inn
- White River Gardens
- Indianapolis Zoo
- Turtle Walk
- Irvington Historic District
[edit] Local media
The Indianapolis Star has the most subscriptions for a daily newspaper in the city. It is owned by Gannett, which also publishes a weekly newspaper called The Topics that focuses on local and community-related news for northern Indianapolis and the surrounding suburbs.
Nuvo Newsweekly, INtake (A Gannett Publication), Indy Men's Magazine, and Indianapolis Women Magazine are local publications concentrating on arts, entertainment, nightlife and lifestyles. Indianapolis Monthly focuses on local home, garden, fine dining, and community events.
The Indianapolis Recorder is a weekly publication which serves the African-American community. La Voz De Indiana is a bilingual newspaper focused on Latin-American issues.
The Indianapolis Business Journal and Inside Indiana Business are the business news authorities in the greater Indianapolis region.
Indianapolis is served by the following major local broadcast Television stations:
- WTTV (4) — a CW affiliate
- WTTV-DT2 (4.2) — a The Tube Music Network affiliate
- WRTV (6) — an ABC affiliate
- WRTV-DT2 (6.2) — 6 News 24/7, a 24 hour news & weather network (from WRTV's studios; digital only)
- WISH-TV (8) — a CBS affiliate
- WISH-DT2 (8.2) — LWS, a 24 hour weather station (Local Weather Station from WISH's studios)
- WTHR (13) — an NBC affiliate
- WREP-LP (15) — an America One affiliate
- WCTY (16) — a local government channel (cable only)
- WIIH-CA (17) — a Univision affiliate (Spanish-speaking)
- WFYI (20) — a PBS member station
- WFYI-DT3 (20.3) — WFYI+, a digital second feed of WFYI's programming offset by 2 days
- WNDY-TV (23) — a My Network TV affiliate
- WKOG-LP (31) — an EWTN affiliate
- WHMB-TV (40) — a LeSea Broadcasting affiliate
- WCLJ-TV (42) — a TBN affiliate
- WBXI (47) — an MTV3 affiliate
- WALV-CA (50) — a 24 hour news & weather network (SkyTrak Weather Network from WTHR's studios)
- WXIN (59) — a FOX affiliate
- WIPX (63) — an ION affiliate (formerly i affiliate)
- WDNI-LP (65) — IMC (Indy's Music Channel), plays a variety of music videos
- WDTI (69) — a Daystar affiliate
- FSN Indiana — a FOX Sports Net regional affiliate (cable only)
In radio, The Bob & Tom Show, syndicated across the United States, airs from Indianapolis.
[edit] Transportation
- See also: Indianapolis (Amtrak station)
Airports
- Indianapolis International Airport serves Indianapolis and the surrounding areas. Indianapolis is building a new midfield terminal along with new concourses, a new air traffic control tower, new parking garages and airfield and apron improvements. It is slated for completion in late 2008.
Highways
- Six major Interstates serve the Indianapolis area including I-70, I-74, I-65, I-69, I-465 Beltway, and I-865 Connector. Future plans include extending I-69 southwest to Evansville. Major U.S. highways serving the region include U.S. Routes 31, 40, 52, 36, 136, and 421.
Transit
- Indianapolis's transit provider is the Indianapolis Public Transportation Corporation, also known as IndyGo. The Indianapolis Public Transportation Corporation was established in 1975 after the city of Indianapolis took over the city's transit system. Before 1997, IndyGo was called Metro.
- Taxis do not roam the streets of Indianapolis as they do in most comparable cities, thus rendering the hailing of cabs extremely difficult. Those wanting a Taxi are suggested to acquire one via telephone.
- In 1953, the last streetcars ran in Indianapolis. Trolleybuses made their last run in the city four years later in 1957. Since 1957 Indianapolis has had an all-bus transit system.
- Central Indiana Commuter Services (CICS), funded by IndyGo to reduce pollution, serves Indianapolis and surrounding counties.
The people mover
- The Clarian people mover connects the Indiana University School of Medicine and adjacent hospitals with Methodist Hospital and is available for public use. Other buildings under the Clarian Health Partners / IUSM umbrella are currently being built along the route (6/2006). Plans for a more expansive people mover system are being considered; this would operate throughout downtown Indianapolis. The existing people mover is sometimes inaccurately described as a monorail, but in fact rides on dual concrete beams with the guideway being as wide as the vehicle.
Transportation issues
Indianapolis has managed to sustain a "relatively low" amount of traffic congestion for a city its size.[7] This could be due to its relatively flat topography which has allowed for an extensive network of roads and highways. This network might also have been the reason Indianapolis has not further developed its mass transit system. As the 12th largest city in the U.S., Indianapolis has repeatedly been ranked below 40th in Mass Transit Availability.
Some complaints include:
- the bus-only city mass transit system; the absence of rapid transit and light rail.
- the undue emphasis on automobile travel in city planning; the lack of sidewalks and bike paths.
- excessive automobile usage resulting in environmental degradation (specifically air pollution), as evidenced in the city's often poor air quality
- the lack of cross-town bus routes, forcing bus riders to travel downtown to cross from one side of the city to another, often doubling or tripling what the trip distance would have been with a direct route.
- the "lack of vision" in building a transportation network based entirely on non-renewable resources and old technology
- the paucity of scheduled bus routes, often forcing riders to choose between arriving at a destination extremely early, or late.
- the lack of night bus services, which forces those who work late shifts to find other ways to get around. These can be much more expensive.
There are other concerns over a lack of safe walking paths in many areas of the city. Many suburbs which were incorporated in the 1960s and 1970s are now relatively near the center of the city, and don’t have sidewalks. This often forces pedestrians to navigate a narrow road shoulder near high-speed automobile traffic.
[edit] Other facts
The National Association of Home Builders and Wells Fargo ranked Indianapolis the "most affordable" major housing market in the U.S. for the fourth quarter of 2006.[5]
The most common nickname for Indianapolis is ‘Indy’. Other nicknames include ‘Circle City’ (after Monument Circle) and ‘Naptown’ (presumably shortened from ‘IndiaNAPolis’ and possibly referring to a lack of "interesting" events or quietness). The name ‘Naptown’ was first popularized in the city's African-American community from which sprang a rich musical heritage of unique Indianapolis-style jazz and blues during the 1920s through the early 1960s. The term ‘Naptown’ came to refer to the style of blues and jazz which developed in Indianapolis. Leroy Carr, an early influential blues singer who grew up and was based in Indianapolis, recorded "Naptown Blues" in 1929. Later, Wes Montgomery, a jazz musician born and based in Indianapolis, recorded his version of "Naptown Blues" in 1964. Also, it is said that the name ‘Naptown’ was possibly reintroduced to popularity by the former local radio station WNAP, often simply called NAP, which was popular in the 1970s and 1980s. More recently, members of the Indianapolis hip-hop community and other local musical scenes have adopted the term ‘Naptown’ to refer to their own style of locally bred music. Perhaps taking a cue from the city's African-American community, some in the city's growing Hispanic community (especially those on the Near Westside) have calqued the nickname as 'City of Siestas.'
Elvis Presley's last public performance was held in the now demolished Market Square Arena on June 26, 1977.
Both United States Navy ships named USS Indianapolis were named for this city.
Indianapolis is the international headquarters of the pharmaceutical corporation Eli Lilly and Company, health insurance provider Wellpoint, insurance company American United Life, ATA Airlines, and real estate companies Simon Property Group, Hunt Construction Group, and Duke Realty Corp. The U.S. headquarters of Roche Diagnostics, Thomson SA, Conseco, Interactive Intelligence, First Internet Bank of Indiana, and Dow AgroSciences are also located in Indianapolis. Other major Indianapolis area employers include Clarian Health, Sallie Mae, Cook Group, Rolls Royce, and General Motors.
Indianapolis has been the headquarters of the Kiwanis International organization since 1982. The organization and its youth-sponsored Kiwanis Family counterparts, Circle K International and Key Club International, administer all their international business and service initiatives from Indianapolis.
The American Legion, a veterans service organization, has its national headquarters in Indianpolis.
Indianapolis' Union Station, one of the busiest rail depots in its time, employed a young Thomas Edison as a telegraph operator.
Indianapolis is the second most populous capital city in the United States (including Washington, DC), after Phoenix, Arizona.
Indianapolis contains the national headquarters for at least 26 fraternities and sororities. Many are congregated in the College Park area surrounding The Pyramids.
Indianapolis is the headquarters for the only international Jewish fraternity, Alpha Epsilon Pi (AEPi).
Indianapolis is home to BOA, Bands of America, a nationwide organization of high school marching, concert, and jazz bands, and hosts several BOA events annually.
Indianapolis is now also the international headquarters of Drum Corps International, a professional drum and bugle corps association, and beginning in 2008 will host the DCI World Championships in the new Lucas Oil Statium.
[edit] Indianapolis in popular media
Television sitcom One Day at a Time was set in Indianapolis. The opening credits of the show include a shot of the Pyramids, a set of three distinctive office buildings located near the north-western edge of the city. The first seasons of Good Morning Miss Bliss (later to become Saved by the Bell) and Thunder Alley were set in Indianapolis. The U.S. version of Men Behaving Badly, and CBS's 2005 drama Close to Home were and are, respectively, also set in Indianapolis. At any given time, Indiana is home to a number of film productions – from television commercials to full length feature films.
[edit] See also
[edit] Sister cities
Indianapolis has five sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):
[edit] International resources
Indianapolis has many organizations and resources devoted to supporting the cities international community and global businesses.
International Community Support
Global Business Assistance
- U.S. Export Assistance Center of Indianapolis
- Indiana Foreign Trade Offices
- Greater Indianapolis Foreign Trade Zone (INzone)
- Indiana District Export Council
- World Trade Club of Indiana
- Indianapolis Rotary Club
[edit] Notes
- ^ Indianapolis History, indy.org
- ^ Indianapolis, Indiana: Averages. National Weather Service.
- ^ Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 (June 1998). U.S. Bureau of the Census.
- ^ http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/prelim06/t4il_mo.htm
- ^ http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061219/LOCAL/612190411/-1/ZONES04
- ^ http://www.ffa.org/indymove/index.htm accessed on October 23, 2006
- ^ The 2005 Urban Mobility Report
[edit] External links
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News stories from Wikinews |
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Government
- IndyGov.Org - Official city government website
- IN.Gov - Official state government website
[edit] Cultural and recreation
- Indianapolis Cultural Tourism
- Official Tourist Information
- Indianapolis Cultural Districts
- Indianapolis-Marion County Public Library
- Carmel Arts and Design District
- Indianapolis Sister Cities
- Arts Council of Indianapolis
- Children's Museum of Indianapolis
- The Indianapolis Museum of Art
- Indiana State Museum
- Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame
- Indianapolis Zoo
- NCAA Hall of Champions
- Eiteljorg Museum
- White River State Park
- Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra
- Hoosier Storytelling Festival annual storytelling festival in October
- Madame C.J. Walker Theatre Center
- Indianapolis Civic Theater
- Indianapolis Music.Net (not-for-profit website promoting local music)
- Indianapolis travel guide from Wikitravel
[edit] Professional media
- The Indianapolis Star (Local daily, owned by Gannett)
- Nuvo (Local weekly, concentrates on arts and entertainment)
- INtake (Local weekly, concentrates on nightlife and lifestyle)
- Indianapolis Monthly Magazine (Local monthly, focuses on home, garden, fine dining)
- Indianapolis Recorder (Local weekly, focuses on African-American issues)
- La Voz De Indiana(Local Bilingual, focuses on Latin-American Issues)
- IndyIndiana.com - Indianapolis Web Directory.
- Indianapolis Women Magazine
- Indianapolis Business Journal (Local business weekly)
- Inside Indiana Business (Local business daily)
- ECI News Connection (News feeder for east side of Indy)
[edit] Business
- Greater Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce
- Indy Partnership
- Indiana Venture Center
- Indiana Small Business Development Centers
- Indiana Economic Development Corporation IEDC
- Indiana Chamber of Commerce
[edit] Community volunteer organizations
- USGS Elevation data
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
| Colleges and Universities in metropolitan Indianapolis |
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| Anderson University • Butler University • Franklin College • Indiana Bible College • Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis • Indiana Wesleyan University-Indianapolis • ITT Technical Institute • Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana • Marian College • Martin University • Oakland City University-Indianapolis • University of Indianapolis • Vincennes University Aviation Technology Center • Wilson College |
| City of Indianapolis |  |
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| History • Monuments • Cultural Districts • Education • Neighborhoods • Downtown • Suburbs • Indianapolis 500 • Famous Indianapolitans |
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| Pan American Games host cities |
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1951: Buenos Aires • 1955: Mexico City • 1959: Chicago • 1963: São Paulo • 1967: Winnipeg • 1971: Cali • 1975: Mexico City • 1979: San Juan • 1983: Caracas • 1987: Indianapolis • 1991: Havana • 1995: Mar del Plata • 1999: Winnipeg • 2003: Santo Domingo • 2007: Rio de Janeiro • 2011: Guadalajara • |
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Categories: Articles lacking sources from December 2006 | All articles lacking sources | Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Wikipedia external links cleanup | Cities in Indiana | Indianapolis, Indiana | Marion County, Indiana | Lilly | Planned cities | County seats in Indiana
