Huqin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Huqin (胡琴; pinyin: húqín) are a family of bowed string instruments used in Chinese music. They consist of a round, hexagonal, or octagonal sound box at the bottom with a stick attached that protrudes upwards. Instruments in the huqin family have two strings (except the sihu, which has four strings tuned in pairs) and their soundboxes are typically covered with either snakeskin or thin wood. Huqin instruments have either two (or, more rarely, four) tuning pegs, one peg for each string. The pegs are attached horizontally through holes drilled in the stick. Most huqin have the bow hair pass in between the strings.

The most common huqin are the erhu (essentially a Chinese violin), zhonghu (Chinese viola), and gaohu (a higher pitched instrument commonly used in Cantonese music.) Over thirty types of huqin instruments have been documented.

Huqin instruments are believed to descend from an instrument called the xiqin (奚琴), originally played by the Xi, a nomadic people of Central Asia.

In the 20th century, large bass huqin such as the dihu, gehu, and diyingehu were developed for use in modern Chinese orchestras. Of these, the gehu and diyingehu are essentially versions of cellos and double basses designed to have a timbre that would blend in with the sound of traditional huqin. These instruments generally have four strings and fingerboards, and are played in a similar manner to cellos and double basses, and are very different from the traditional huqin.

Similar instruments are also used in neighboring countries, such as Mongolia, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.

Contents 1 List of Chinese huqin instruments 2 Related instruments in other Asian nations 3 External links 3.1 Photographs 4 See also

[edit] List of Chinese huqin instruments

• Erhu (二胡)
• Gaohu (高胡)
• Banhu (板胡)
• Jinghu (京胡)
• Zhonghu (中胡)
• Yehu (椰胡)
• Erxian (二弦)
• Tiqin (提琴)
• Daguangxian (大广弦)
• Datong (大筒)
• Datongxian (大筒弦)
• Hexian (和弦)
• Huluhu (traditional: 葫盧胡; simplified: 葫芦胡)
• Maguhu (traditional: 馬骨胡; simplified: 马骨胡)
• Tuhu (土胡)
• Jiaohu (角胡)
• Zhuihu (traditional: 墜胡; simplified: 坠胡)
• Zhuiqin (traditional: 墜琴; simplified: 坠琴)
• Leiqin (雷琴)
• Sihu (四胡)
• Sanhu (三胡)
• Dahu (大胡)
• Dihu (低胡)
  • Xiaodihu (小低胡)
  • Zhongdihu (中低胡)
  • Dadihu (大低胡)
• Cizhonghu
• Gehu (革胡)
• Diyingehu (低音革胡)
• Laruan (拉阮)
  • Dalaruan (大拉阮)
• Paqin
• Xiqin (奚琴)
• Niutuiqin or niubatui (牛腿琴 or 牛巴腿) (Guizhou)
• Matouqin (馬頭琴) (Mongolia)
• Aijieke (艾捷克) (Xinjiang)[1]
• Sataer (萨它尔) (Xinjiang)

[edit] Related instruments in other Asian nations

• Đàn gáo (Vietnam)
• Đàn hồ (Vietnam; hồ derives from Chinese hu)
• Đàn nhị (Vietnam; also called đàn cò)
• Haegeum (Korea; derived from the xiqin)
• Kokyu (Japan)
• Saw duang (Thailand)
• Saw ou (Thailand)
• Saw sam sai (Thailand)
• Tro (Cambodia)
• Tro Khmer (Cambodia)

[edit] External links

[edit] Photographs

• Huqin photographs (page 1)
• Huqin photographs (page 2)
• Huqin photographs (page 3)

[edit] See also

• Music of China
• Traditional Chinese musical instruments
• String instruments

Traditional Chinese musical instruments
█  Silk (string):    Plucked: Guqin • Se • Guzheng • Konghou • Pipa • Sanxian • Ruan • Liuqin • Yueqin • Qinqin • Duxianqin █ Bowed: Huqin • Erhu • Zhonghu • Gaohu • Banhu • Jinghu • Erxian • Tiqin • Yehu • Tuhu • Jiaohu • Sihu • Sanhu • Zhuihu • Zhuiqin • Leiqin • Dihu • (Xiaodihu • Zhongdihu • Dadihu) • Gehu • Diyingehu • Laruan • Matouqin • Yazheng █ Struck: Yangqin • Zhu
█  Bamboo (woodwind):    Flutes: Dizi • Xiao • Paixiao • Koudi █ Oboes: Guan • Suona █ Free-reed pipes: Bawu • Mangtong
█   Gourd (woodwind):    Sheng • Yu • Lusheng • Hulusi • Hulusheng
█  Percussion:   Wood: Muyu • Guban █ Stone: Bianqing █ Metal: Bianzhong • Fangxiang • Luo • Yunluo █ Clay: Xun █ Hide: Daigu • Bangu • Paigu • Tanggu
█  Others: Gudi • Lusheng • Kouxian