Humphry Marshall

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For the Kentucky politician with a similar name, see Humphrey Marshall.

Humphry Marshall (October 10, 1722 - November 5, 1801) was an American botanist and plant dealer. He was born in Marshallton, Pennsylvania (then called West Bradford), and lived in Bradford Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. He was the cousin of botanist John Bartram and William Bartram. Like many early American botantists, he was a Quaker.

By trade, Marshall was a stonemason and farmer, but took up the study of natural history. He specialized early in native plants, after gaining his enthusiasm for botany from Bartram. When Marshall inherited more property, he created a botanical garden with both native and exotic plants in 1773. This was the second in the United States, the first having been established by John Bartram.

He published in 1785: "Arboretum Americanum: the American Grove, an Alphabetical Catalogue of Forest Trees and Shrubs, Natives of the American United States" (Philadelphia).

Marshall has been called the "Father of American Dendrology".

In his later years, Marshall was partly blinded by cataracts.

A genus of plants, Marshallia, was named in honor of Humphrey Marshall and his nephew Moses Marshall, also a botanist.

The standard author abbreviation Marshall may be used to indicate this person in citing a botanical name.