User:Hpnadig/Kannada article
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| Kannada ಕನ್ನಡ |
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|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Karnataka, India | |
| Region: | South Asia | |
| Total speakers: | 55 million | |
| Ranking: | 18 | |
| Language family: | Dravidian |
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| Official status | ||
| Official language of: | Karnataka, India | |
| Regulated by: | Kannada Saahithya Parishath | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | kn | |
| ISO 639-2: | kan | |
| ISO 639-3: | — | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. See IPA chart for English for an English-based pronunciation key. | ||
Kannada - aptly described as 'sirigannada' (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 55 million people. It is the state language of Karnataka, one of the four southern states in India.
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[edit] History
The Kannada language has been spoken for about 2500 years, with the Kannada writing system being in use for about the last 1900 years. The initial development of the Kannada language is similar to that of other Dravidian languages. During later centuries, Kannada, along with Telugu, has been highly influenced by Sanskrit vocabulary and literary styles.
[edit] Classification
[edit] Geographic distribution
Kannada is mainly spoken in Karnataka in India, and to a good extent in the neighbouring states of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and in Kerala. There are significant Kannada speaking populations in the United States and the United Kingdom, and to a lesser extent in Canada and Australia.
[edit] Official status
Kannada is one of the 22 official languages of India and is the official language of the state of Karnataka.
[edit] Spoken and literary variants
Kannada is a highly inflected language with three genders (masculine, feminine, neutral or common) and two numbers (singular, plural). It is inflected for gender, number and tense, among other things.
There is also a sharp distinction between the spoken and written forms of the language. Spoken Kannada tends to vary from region to region. The written form is more or less constant throughout Karnataka, however.
[edit] Dialects
The ethnologue identifies about 20 dialects of Kannada. Notable of them are Kodava (spoken in Coorg district), Kunda (spoken exclusively in Kundapura), Havyaka (spoken mainly by Havyaka Brahmanas of Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, Shimoga, Sagara, and Udupi districts), Are Bhashe (spoken mainly in Sullia region of Dakshina Kannada), Soliga Kannada, Badaga Kannada, Gulbarga Kannada, Gandu Mettida Kannada [Dharwad], etc.
[edit] Writing system
[edit] Kannada script
Main article: Kannada alphabet
See the Kannada Aksharamaale (alphabets) here
The language has 52 letters phonemic and according to Academic profile 49 letters are present in Kannada language. These 49 letters are divided into 2 groups "Swaragalu" (15 letters) and "Vyanjanagalu" (34 letters) - like 'Vowels'and 'consonants'of English language. The character set is almost identical to that of other Indian languages.The script itself, derived from brahmi script, is fairly complicated like most other languages of India owing to the occurrence of various combinations of "half-letters", or symbols that attach to various letters in a manner similar to diacritical marks (such as aigüe, grave, and cédille marks) in Romance languages. The number of written symbols, however, is far more than the 52 characters in the alphabet, because different characters can be combined to form compound characters (ottaksharas). Each written symbol in the Kannada script corresponds with one syllable, as opposed to one phoneme in languages like English.
[edit] Transliteration
Several transliteration schemes are used to type Kannada characters using a standard keyboard. These include Baraha (based on ITRANS) and Nudi, the Government of Karnataka's standard for Kannada transliteration...
The capital of Karnataka is Bangalore. Situated in south karnataka which is 3000ft above sea level. A beautiful and fastest growing city in the world. Bangalore is known well to everyone and is rewarded as one of the worlds first software development centers and other computing resources. There are about more than 1500 multinational companies are there and have invested here on the software industry. The climatical condition is cool, evergreen, clean and etc etc etc. There is also good transport facility, natural resources and all other things.
[edit] Sound
[edit] Vowels
[edit] Consonants
[edit] Phonology
[edit] Elision
[edit] Grammer
[edit] Parts of speech
[edit] Sentence structure
[edit] Vocabulary
[edit] Examples
[edit] References
[edit] Modern works
[edit] Ancient works
[edit] External links
[edit] General
- Ethnolouge report for Kannada
- Description of the Kannada language
- Official Unicode chart for Kannada (PDF)
- History of Kannada Language and Literature
