High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991
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The High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991 (HPCA) was a bill created and introduced by then Senator Al Gore (it was thus referred to as the Gore Bill [1]). It was passed on 09 December 1991.
This bill led to the development of the National Information Infrastructure, the National Research and Education Network, the High-Performance Computing and Communications Initiative (an off-shoot of the HPCA), Mosaic (the web browser)[2], and the creation of a high-speed fiber optic network that, when utilized, would help stimulate the economy.
[edit] Background
In developing the Gore Bill, Gore was highly influenced by the 1988 report Toward a National Research Network [3] submitted to Congress by a group chaired by UCLA professor of computer science, Leonard Kleinrock, one of the central creators of the ARPANET [4].
After hearing this report, Gore introduced legislation during the late 1980s known informally as the Gore Bill.[5] It was passed, however, as the High Performance Computing Act of 1991 [6] on Dec. 9, 1991 and led to the NII or National Information Infrastructure [7] which Gore referred to as the Information superhighway.
The HPCA has been referred to by Leonard Kleinrock (among others) as a historical event. [8] It was signed by then President George H. W. Bush who predicted that it would help "unlock the secrets of DNA," open up foreign markets to free trade, and promote cooperation between government, academia, and industry. [9]
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.computerhistory.org/exhibits/internet_history/internet_history_90s.shtml]
- ^ http://www.totic.org/nscp/demodoc/demo.html
- ^ http://newton.nap.edu/books/NI000393/html
- ^ http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml#Transition
- ^ http://www.computerhistory.org/exhibits/internet_history/internet_history_90s.shtml
- ^ http://www.mit.edu/afs/net.mit.edu/dev/mit/jis/OldFiles/nrenbill.txt
- ^ http://www.ibiblio.org/nii/goremarks.html
- ^ http://www.lk.cs.ucla.edu/PS/paper224.pdf
- ^ http://bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/papers/1991/91120901.html
[edit] External links
- Legislation summary at the National Coordination Office for Networking and Information Technology Research and Development
- Plain text of the bill at the Texas A&M University System
- Electronic Newsletter of the The Electronic Frontier Foundation, Cambridge, MA - scroll down to Current Legislative and Policy Efforts: Legislative, National Research and Education Network by Mitchell Kapor. - Sept. 1991
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