Hangingfly

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Hangingflies
probably Harpobittacus tillyardi
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Mecoptera Family: Bittacidae Handlirsch, 1906
Diversity
16 genera, ca. 170 species
Genera
species numbers in parentheses Anabittacus (1) Anomalobittacus (1) Apterobittacus (1) Austrobittacus (1) Bittacus (124) Edriobittacus (1) Harpobittacus (12) Hylobittacus (1) Issikiella (5) Kalobittacus (8) Nannobittacus (4) Neobittacus (2) Orobittacus (1) Pazius (8) Symbittacus (1) Tytthobittacus (1)

Hangingflies or hanging scorpionflies (Bittacidae) are a family of Scorpionflies.

The genus Bittacus, comprising of ca. 75 percent of all species within the family, occurs worldwide. Other genera are mostly confined to either South America or Australia.

[edit] Species

This list is adapted from The World Checklist of extant Mecoptera Species: Bittacidae and presumably complete up to (1997).

• Anabittacus Kimmins, 1929

• Anabittacus iridipennis Kimmins, 1929 (Chile)

• Anomalobittacus Kimmins, 1928

• Anomalobittacus gracilipes Kimmins, 1928 (South Africa)

• Apterobittacus MacLachlan, 1893

• Apterobittacus apterus (MacLachlan), 1871 (southern USA)

• Austrobittacus Riek, 1954

• Austrobittacus anomalus Riek, 1954 (Australia)

• Bittacus Latreille, 1805 (worldwide)

• Bittacus aequalis Navás, 1914 (Kenya)
• Bittacus africanus Esben-Petersen, 1915 (Zaire)
• Bittacus alluaudi Navás, 1914 (Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia)
• Bittacus andinus Londt & Byers, 1974 (Bolivia, Peru)
• Bittacus angrensis Souza Lopes & Mangabeira, 1942 (Brazil)
• Bittacus annae Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus appendiculatus Esben-Petersen, 1927 (China (Yunnan))
• Bittacus armatus Tjeder, 1956 (Zimbabwe, South Africa)
• Bittacus banksi Esben-Petersen, 1915 (Panama to Mexico)
• Bittacus berlandi Capra, 1939 (Tanzania, Kenya)
• Bittacus bicornis Londt, 1993 (South Africa)
• Bittacus boraceiensis Morgante, 1967 (Brazil)
• Bittacus boranicus Capra, 1939 (Ethiopia)
• Bittacus brasiliensis Klug, 1838 (Argentina, Brazil)
• Bittacus brunneus Esben-Petersen, 1927 (Paraguay)
• Bittacus bullatus Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus burgeoni Navás, 1930 (Zaire)
• Bittacus burmanus Tjeder, 1974 (Burma)
• Bittacus byersi Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus capensis (Thunberg, 1784) (South Africa)
• Bittacus caprai Londt, 1972 (Zambia, Zimbabwe)
• Bittacus carpenteri Cheng, 1957 (China (Szechwan))
• Bittacus chevalieri (Navás, 1908) (Chad, Mali, Senegal, Djibouti)
• Bittacus chilensis Klug, 1838 (Chile)
• Bittacus chlorostigma MacLachlan, 1881 (southern USA)
• Bittacus chujoi Issiki & Cheng, 1947 (Taiwan)
• Bittacus cirratus Tjeder, 1956 (China (Manchuria, Kiangsi))
• Bittacus contumax Tjeder, 1956 (China)
• Bittacus coreanus Issiki, 1929 (China (Kiangsu), Korea)
• Bittacus cottrelli Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus discors Navás, 1914 (Kenya, Somalia)
• Bittacus disternum Byers, 1996 (Costa Rica)
• Bittacus diversinervis Souza Lopes & Mangabeira, 1942 (Brazil)
• Bittacus elisabethae Navás, 1930 (Zaire)
• Bittacus eremus Lambkin, 1988 (Australia)
• Bittacus erythrostigma Byers, 1975 (Uganda, Zaire)
• Bittacus femoralis Klug, 1838 (Brazil)
• Bittacus flavescens Klug, 1838 (Brazil, Venezuela)
• Bittacus formosanus Issiki, 1927 (Taiwan)
• Bittacus fritzi Williner, 1990 (Argentina)
• Bittacus fumosus Esben-Petersen, 1913 (Kenya, Zimbabwe,Tanzania, Zambia)
• Bittacus geniculatus Erichson, 1848 (Brazil, Guyana)
• Bittacus golbachi Williner, 1990 (Argentina)
• Bittacus gressitti Cheng, 1957 (China (Kwangtung))
• Bittacus hageni Brauer, 1860 (Austria, Belgium, France)
• Bittacus henryi Kimmins, 1928 (Sri Lanka)
• Bittacus homburgerae Navás, 1933 (French Guinea)
• Bittacus indicus Walker, 1853 (India)
• Bittacus insularis Esben-Petersen, 1915 (Sri Lanka)
• Bittacus issikii Miyamoto, 1979 (Japan)
• Bittacus italicus (Müller, 1766) (Belgium, Bosnia, Germany, Romania, Spain, Switzerland)
• Bittacus kagoshimaensis Issiki, 1929 (Japan)
• Bittacus kimminsi Tjeder, 1956 (South Africa)
• Bittacus kunenensis Wood, 1933 (Namibia)
• Bittacus lachlani Navás, 1925 (Kenya)
• Bittacus laevipes Navás, 1909 (Japan)
• Bittacus latipennis Gerstaecker, 1885 (India)
• Bittacus leptocaudus Byers, 1965 (Thailand)
• Bittacus leptocercus Navás, 1934 (Tanzania)
• Bittacus lineatus Navás, 1914 (Kenya)
• Bittacus livingstonei Londt, 1981 (Malawi)
• Bittacus maculatus Issiki, 1927 (Taiwan)
• Bittacus maculosus Byers, 1965 (Brazil, Trinidad)
• Bittacus malaisei Tjeder, 1974 (Burma)
• Bittacus marginatus Miyake, 1913 (Japan)
• Bittacus mastrillii Navás, 1913 (Japan)
• Bittacus mexicanus Klug, 1838 (Mexico)
• Bittacus milleri Londt, 1978 (South Africa)
• Bittacus montanus Weele, 1910 (Angola, Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia)
• Bittacus moschinus Navás, 1914 (Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia)
• Bittacus natalensis Wood, 1933 (Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa)
• Bittacus nebulosus Klug, 1838 (Mozambique, South Africa)
• Bittacus nipponicus Navás, 1909 (Japan)
• Bittacus nodosus Rust & Byers, 1976 (India, Pakistan)
• Bittacus occidentis Walker, 1853 (USA)
• Bittacus omega Morgante, 1967 (Brazil)
• Bittacus oreinus Navás, 1914 (Ethiopia)
• Bittacus panamensis Byers, 1958 (Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela)
• Bittacus peninsularis Byers, 1996 (Mexico (Baja California Sur))
• Bittacus peringueyi Esben-Petersen, 1913 (South Africa)
• Bittacus peterseni Kimmins, 1938 (South Africa)
• Bittacus pieli Navás, 1935 (China (Kiangsi))
• Bittacus pignatellii Navás, 1932 (Panama)
• Bittacus pilicornis Westwood, 1846 (Canada, USA)
• Bittacus pinguipalpi Wood, 1933 (Namibia)
• Bittacus pintoi Souza Lopes & Mangabeira, 1942 (Brazil)
• Bittacus planus Cheng, 1949 (China (Shensi))
• Bittacus pobeguini (Navás, 1908) (Zaire, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Uganda)
• Bittacus pollex Byers & Roggero, 1992 (Panama)
• Bittacus punctiger Westwood, 1846 (USA)
• Bittacus rossi Londt, 1977 (Zaire)
• Bittacus saigusai Miyamoto, 1984 (Japan)
• Bittacus schoutedeni Esben-Petersen, 1913 (Zaire)
• Bittacus selysi Esben-Petersen, 1917 (South Africa)
• Bittacus sinensis Walker, 1853 (China (Chekiang, Kiangsu), Korea, Japan)
• Bittacus sinicus Issiki, 1931 (China (Szechwan))
• Bittacus sjostedti Weele, 1910 (Kenya, Tanzania)
• Bittacus smithersi Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus sobrinus Tjeder, 1956 (South Africa)
• Bittacus sonani Issiki, 1929 (Taiwan)
• Bittacus spatulatus Byers, 1996 (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)
• Bittacus stanleyi Byers, 1968 (Zaire, Malawi)
• Bittacus stigmaterus Say, 1823 (USA)
• Bittacus striatus Issiki, 1927 (Taiwan)
• Bittacus strigosus Hagen, 1861 (USA, Canada)
• Bittacus sylvaticus Byers, 1996 (Mexico (Veracruz))
• Bittacus takaoensis Miyake, 1913 (Japan)
• Bittacus taraiensis Penny, 1969 (India)
• Bittacus tarsalis Miyamoto, 1984 (Japan)
• Bittacus testaceus Klug, 1838 (Zimbabwe, South Africa)
• Bittacus texanus Banks, 1908 (southern USA)
• Bittacus tienmushana Cheng, 1957 (China (Chekiang))
• Bittacus tjederi Londt, 1970 (South Africa)
• Bittacus triangularis Issiki, 1929 (Korea, Manchuria)
• Bittacus tuxeni Byers, 1975 (Guinea, Malawi)
• Bittacus ussuriensis Plutenko, 1985 (Far Eastern Russia)
• Bittacus vexilliferus Byers, 1970 (China (Szechwan))
• Bittacus vumbanus Smithers, 1960 (Zimbabwe)
• Bittacus wahlbergi Londt, 1972 (South Africa)
• Bittacus walkeri Esben-Petersen, 1915 (South Africa)
• Bittacus weelei Esben-Petersen, 1913 (Angola, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia)
• Bittacus zambezinus Navás, 1931 (Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe, South Africa)
• Bittacus zelichi Williner, 1990 (Argentina)
• Bittacus zulu Londt, 1972 (South Africa)

• Edriobittacus Byers, 1974

• Edriobittacus microcercus (Gerstaecker, 1885) (Australia)

• Harpobittacus Gerstaecker, 1885 (Australia)

• Harpobittacus albatus Riek, 1954 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus australis (Klug, 1838) (Tasmania)
• Harpobittacus cristine Lambkin, 1994 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus nigratus Navás, 1932 (Australia (New South Wales))
• Harpobittacus nigriceps (Selys, 1868) (Australia)
• Harpobittacus phaeoscius Riek, 1954 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus quasisimilis Lambkin, 1994 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus rubricatus Riek, 1954 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus scheibeli Esben-Petersen, 1935 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus septentrionis Lambkin, 1994 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus similis Esben-Petersen, 1935 (Australia)
• Harpobittacus tillyardi Esben-Petersen, 1915 (Tasmania)

• Hylobittacus Byers, 1979

• Hylobittacus apicalis (Hagen, 1861) (USA, Mexico)

• Issikiella Byers, 1972 (South America)

• Issikiella amazonica Byers & Florez, 1995 (Colombia)
• Issikiella araguaiensis Penny & Arias, 1983 (Brazil)
• Issikiella boliviensis Williner, 1985 (Bolivia)
• Issikiella byersi Penny & Arias, 1983 (Brazil)
• Issikiella pulchra Byers, 1972 (Brazil)

• Kalobittacus Esben-Petersen, 1914 (Central America)

• Kalobittacus bimaculatus Esben-Petersen, 1914 (Mexico)
• Kalobittacus demissus Byers, 1996 (Costa Rica)
• Kalobittacus hubbelli Byers, 1965 (Honduras)
• Kalobittacus inornatus Byers, 1996 (Costa Rica)
• Kalobittacus masoni Byers, 1994 (Mexico)
• Kalobittacus maniculatus Byers, 1996 (Guatemala)
• Kalobittacus ramosus Byers, 1958 (Panama)
• Kalobittacus similis Byers, 1994 (Mexico)

• Nannobittacus Esben-Petersen, 1927 (Brazil to Panama)

• Nannobittacus elegans Esben-Petersen, 1927 (Brazil)
• Nannobittacus pollex Byers & Roggero, 1992 (Colombia, Panama)
• Nannobittacus souzalopesi Penny & Arias, 1983 (Brazil)
• Nannobittacus tjederi Byers, 1965 (Colombia, Panama, Venezuela)

• Neobittacus Esben-Petersen, 1914

• Neobittacus aripuanaensis Penny, 1977 (Brazil)
• Neobittacus blancheti (Pictet, 1836) (Brazil)

• Orobittacus Villegas & Byers, 1982

• Orobittacus obscurus Villegas & Byers, 1981 (California)

• Pazius Navás, 1913 (Brazil to Panama)

• Pazius cinctipes Byers & Florez, 1995 (Colombia)
• Pazius flinti Byers, 1977 (Panama)
• Pazius furcatus Byers, 1957 (Venezuela)
• Pazius gracilis (Navás, 1908) (Peru)
• Pazius obtusus Byers, 1957 (Panama, Costa Rica)
• Pazius ornaticaudus Penny, 1977 (Brazil)
• Pazius pectinatus Byers, 1977 (Ecuador)
• Pazius spinosus Byers & Roggero, 1992 (Panama)

• Symbittacus Byers, 1986

• Symbittacus scitulus Byers, 1986 (Australia)

• Tytthobittacus Smithers, 1973

• Tytthobittacus macalpinei Smithers, 1973 (Australia)