Hadith of Fatimah, Fadak and Abu Bakr

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Part of a series on the Succession to Muhammad

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This is a sub-article to the Succession to Muhammad

A famous recorded oral tradition among Muslims (Arabic: hadith) is about Fatimah, Fadak and Abu Bakr.

Although the narration is prominently quoted and referred to, it is not given any formal name, in contrast to other hadith such as the Hadith of the pond of Khumm or the Hadith of Qur'an and Sunnah

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Narration 3 Views 3.1 Muhammad's property 3.2 Gifted 3.3 Abu Bakr 4 References 5 See also

[edit] Introduction

This hadith is a part of the Succession to Muhammad, were several sources state that the land of Fadak was the personal property of Muhammad. After this, it becomes more controversial, some sources claiming that Muhammad gifted this property to his daughter Fatima Zahra during his life, and yet other sources stating that the land was annexed by Abu Bakr during the succession. All Shi'a accept the mentioned sources, while Sunni's are divided on those sources.

[edit] Narration

The above is also retold by ibn Sa'd, a 9th century Sunni Islamic scholar ^[3].

Other versions include:

Muhammad al-Shahrastani, 12th century Islamic scholar writes:

Yaqut al-Hamawi, 13th century Islamic scholar writes:

Ahmad Ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri, a 9th century Sunni Islamic scholar

Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, a 13th century Sunni Shafi'i Islamic scholar

A text adapted largely from Abu Tahir `Abd al-Qahir al-Baghdadi states:

Qazi Halb Burhan-ud-din, a ?th century Sunni Hanafi Islamic scholar writes:

[edit] Views

Scholars are divided in three regards:

• Whether Muhammad had the land as his personal property
• Whether Muhammad gifted the land to Fatimah
• Whether Abu Bakr had the right to take possession of the land

[edit] Muhammad's property

All Shi'a scholars and most Sunni scholars, except for two, view that the land was the personal property of Muhammad and that he had personal control over it.

[edit] Gifted

All Shi'a scholars and some Sunni scholars view that the land was the property was gifted by Muhammad to Fatimah during his life.

[edit] Abu Bakr

All Sunni's view that Abu Bakr was correct in taking control of Muhammad's inheritance, despite the complaints of Muhammad's daughter. This view is rejected by Shi'a. Some Sunnis view that Abu Bakr took control of the property as part of Muhammad's inheritance.

Other Sunnis view that Abu Bakr took control over the land independent of Muhammad's inheritance. Shi'a hold this view, and view the annexation as an illegal seizure of private property aimed to enhance his own stance and weaken Ali's stance during the Succession to Muhammad, viewed by Shi'a as a military Coup d'état.

[edit] References

1. ^ Sahih Bukhari 4:53:325
2. ^ Sahih Bukhari 5:59:546
3. ^ The Book of the Major Classes Volume 2, page 392 translated by S. Moinul Haq assisted by H.K. Ghazanfar M.A.
4. ^ Riyadh al Nadira Volume 4 page 231 (Baghdad publishers)
5. ^ Kitab al-Milal wa al-Nihal, page 13
6. ^ Kitab mu'jam al-buldan Volume 14 page 239, Dhikr Fadak
7. ^ Fath al-Buldan page 46-47
8. ^ Tafsir al-Kabir (al-Razi) Volume 8 page 125 Ayat Fay
9. ^ Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq (The Difference between the Sects) [1]
10. ^ Insanul Ayun fi Seerah al Halbeeya Volume 3, p487-488

[edit] See also

• List of Muslim reports