Hadith of Fatimah's anger with Ali

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[edit] Introduction

Fatimah al-Zahraa was the daughter of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. Ali ibn Abi Talib was her husband. Both are highly revered by Muslims.

While Sunni Muslims believe that Ali and Fatimah were very upright people, that however could perform mistakes, the Shia Muslims includes them among The Fourteen Infallibles.

Despite the disagreement about whether Ali and Fatimah were infallible or not, both Sunni- and Shia Muslims agree on the Hadith of hurting Fatimah, in which the Islamic Prophet Muhammad said:

He who disturbs her (Fatimah) in fact disturbs me and he who offends her offends me [1]

[edit] Narrations

A couple of narrations found mainly in Shia books seems to indicate that Fatimah was angered by Ali on multiple occassions.

[edit] The daughter of Abu Jahl

A narration recorded in both Sunni and Shi'a books indicates that Ali proposed to marry the daughter of Abu Jahl. This narration is notable, because Muslims view Abu Jahl as a staunch enemy of Islam.

The shia narration goes:

A narration reports:

“ It is narrated on the authority of Abu 'Abdillah Jaafar Al-Sadiq:

A "miserable" [2] of the miserables came to Fatima, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, and said to her: “Did you not know that Ali proposed to marry (Khataba) the daughter of Abu Jahl?” She said: “Is it true what you say? He said three times: “What I say is true.” Jealousy entered into her (heart) to an extent she could not control, for Allah has ordained that women be jealous and that men perform Jihad, and He has made the reward of the patient (woman) similar to that of the Murabit and Muhajir in the way of Allah. He said: And Fatima’s anguish became severe and she remained thinking about it until night time…she moved to her father’s residence. Ali came to his residence and did not see Fatima and his anguish increased and became great on him, even though he did not know what happened, and he was ashamed to call her from her father’s house so he went to the Masjid and prayed as much as Allah willed, and he collected some of the sand in the Masjid and laid on it. When the Prophet saw how sad and anguished Fatima was, he poured water over himself and wore his clothes and entered the Masjid. He kept praying, making Rukoo and Sujood, and after every time he completed two Raka he made Du’a that Allah remove what Fatima had of sadness and anguish because he left her turning over and breathing heavily. When the Prophet saw that she could not sleep and could not rest he said: “O daughter, rise!” So she rose and the Prophet carried Al-Hassan and she carried Al-Hussain and took hold of Umm Kulthoom’s hand until they reached Ali (AS) while he was sleeping. The Prophet put his foot on Ali, pinched him, and said: “Rise Abu Turab! You have disturbed many a resting person. Call for me Abu Bakr from his house and Umar from his Majlis and Talha.” So Ali went and got them from their houses and they gathered around the Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah then said: “O Ali! Do you not know that Fatima is a piece of me and I am from her. Whoever disturbs her, disturbs me and whoever disturbs me has disturbed Allah, and whoever disturbs her after my death then as if he has disturbed her in my lifetime and whoever disturbed her in my lifetime then as if he has disturbed her after my death. So Ali said, 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He [the Prophet] said, 'So what made you do what you did?' Ali said, '[I swear] by Him who sent you with the truth as a prophet, none of what reached her is true, nor did I [even] entertain that thought.' At that the Prophet (s) said, 'You spoke the truth, and she spoke the truth[3]		 ”

It should be noted that Shi'a Muslims deny that this narration claim that Ali angered Fatimah. Instead, they state that the one who angered Fatimah was the one who started the rumor.

A similiar narration is recorded in the Sunni Hadith Collection Sahih Bukhari:

A narration attributed to Zain al-Abidin reports:

“ That when they reached Medina after returning from Yazid bin Mu'awaiya after the martyrdom of Husain bin 'Ali (may Allah bestow His Mercy upon him), Al-Miswar bin Makhrama met him and said to him, "Do you have any need you may order me to satisfy?" 'Ali said, "No." Al-Miswar said, Will you give me the sword of Allah's Apostle for I am afraid that people may take it from you by force? By Allah, if you give it to me, they will never be able to take it till I die." When Ali bin Abu Talib demanded the hand of the daughter of Abi Jahal to be his wife besides Fatima, I heard Allah's Apostle on his pulpit delivering a sermon in this connection before the people, and I had then attained my age of puberty. Allah's Apostle said, "Fatima is from me, and I am afraid she will be subjected to trials in her religion (because of jealousy)." The Prophet then mentioned one of his son-in-law who was from the tribe of 'Abu Shams, and he praised him as a good son-in-law, saying, "Whatever he said was the truth, and he promised me and fulfilled his promise. I do not make a legal thing illegal, nor do I make an illegal thing legal, but by Allah, the daughter of Allah's Apostle and the daughter of the enemy of Allah, (i.e. Abu Jahl) can never get together (as the wives of one man)[4] ”

Sahih Bukhari is considered the most reliable book after the Quran among Sunni Muslims. This means that it, according to Sunnis, contains authentic narrations only.

[edit] The slave girl

A narration attributed to Abu Dharr al-Ghifari reports:

“ I migrated with Jafar ibn Abi Talib to Abyssynia. A slave girl worth 4,000 dirhams was given to Jafar as a gift. When we came to Medinah he gave it to Ali as a gift that she may serve him. Ali kept her in Fatima’s house. One day Fatima entered and saw that his head was in the girl’s lap. She said: “O Abu Al-Hasan! Have you done it!?” He said: “O daughter of Muhammad! I have done nothing, so what is it that you want?” She said: “Do you allow me to go to my father’s house?” He said: “I will allow you.” So she wore her Jilbab and went to the Prophet. [5] ”

[edit] Fadak

A narration reports:

“ When Fatima asked for Fadak from Abu Bakr and he refused to give it to her, she returned full of anger that could not be described and she was sick; and she was angry with Ali because he refused to help her [6] ”

[edit] Sunni view

These narrations is often used by Sunni's as an argument against the shi'ite position at the narration mentioning Fatimah's anger with Abu Bakr. They argue that even the best people in the world can get into arguments with each other, and thus one cannot condemn anyone for it.

[edit] Shia view

The famous shia website Al-Islam.org rejects the narration about Ali's proposal of marriage to the daughter of Abu Jahl. [1]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ *Sunni source: Sahih Muslim, Book 31, Hadith 5999
    *Shia source: Bihar al-Anwar by Allamah al-Majlisi, 43/201-202
  2. ^ The arabic term used here is شقي (translit. shaqiy), which in this article is translated into miserable. Other meanings of the word is: unhappy, unlucky, wretched, distressed, culprit, criminal etc. (Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic by Hans Wehr p. 481, edited by J. Milton Cowan. 1980 ed.)
  3. ^ Shia sources: Elal Al-Sharae’ by Al-Sadooq pp.185-186 Bihar al-Anwar by Allamah al-Majlisi 43/201-202 Online at Al-Shia.com (Arabic)
  4. ^ Sahih Bukhari Volume 4, Book 53, Hadith Number 343
  5. ^ Shia sources:
    Elal al-Shara'i by Ibn Babveh al-Qummi p.163
    Bihar al-Anwar by Allamah al-Majlisi 43/147
  6. ^ Shia sources:
    Haqq al-Yaqeen by Allamah al-Majlisi pp.203-204
    Amali by Tusi p.295



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