Hackney (UK Parliament constituency)

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Hackney Borough constituency
Created:	1868
Abolished:	1885
Type:	House of Commons
Members:	two

Hackney was a two seat constituency in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom created under the Representation of the People Act, 1867 and reformed under the Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885 as Hackney North, Hackney Central and Hackney South.

The constituency existed in this two seat form for three general elections and returned four Liberal Party MP's. Henry Fawcett who died in office was replacing in a by-election by James Stuart.

Contents 1 Boundaries 2 Members of Parliament 3 Elections 4 References

[edit] Boundaries

The vestry of the civil parish of Hackney became a local government authority in 1855. The parish had a population in 1871 of 115,110 and in 1881 of 163,681.

The parliamentary borough of Hackney was established in 1868 and its area formed part of the eastern half of the historic county of Middlesex. It was situated to the north of Shoreditch and Tower Hamlets (although Hackney itself was accounted the northernmost of the Hamlets in the nineteenth century). The area was to the east of Islington and Hornsey, south of Tottenham and west of Walthamstow in the historic county of Essex.

In 1885 the parliamentary borough was split into Central, North and South divisions. In 1889 the area, for administrative purposes, became part of the London County Council local authority. In 1900 the civil vestry was dissolved and the Metropolitan Borough of Hackney was created (with the same boundaries as before). Since 1965 it has been part of Greater London.

[edit] Members of Parliament

• Constituency created (1868)

Year			First member	First party	Second member	Second party
		1868	Sir Charles Reed FSA	Liberal	John Holms	Liberal
		1874	Rt Hon. Professor Henry Fawcett	Liberal
		1884	Professor James Stuart	Liberal

• Constituency abolished (1885)

[edit] Elections

Turnout, in multi-member elections, is estimated by dividing the number of votes by two. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes, the figure given will be an underestimate.

Change is calculated for individual candidates, when a party had more than one candidate in an election or the previous one. When a party had only one candidate in an election and the previous one change is calculated for the party vote.

General Election 1868: Hackney (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Charles Reed FSA	14,785	35.95	N/A
	Liberal	John Holms	12,243	29.77	N/A
	Liberal	Charles Salisbury Butler	6,825	16.59	N/A
	Conservative	C.L. Webb	2,633	6.40	N/A
	Liberal	L.S. Dickson	2,575	6.26	N/A
	Liberal	J.J. Homer	2,021	5.04	N/A
Turnout			41,132	50.64	N/A
Registered Electors			40,613

General Election 1874: Hackney (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	John Holms	6,968	34.54	-4.77
	Liberal	Charles Reed FSA	6,893	34.17	-1.78
	Conservative	W.J. Gill	6,310	31.28	+24.88
Turnout			20,171	24.68	-25.96
Registered Electors			40,870

• Election declared void on petition

By-Election 25 April 1874: Hackney (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	John Holms	10,905	35.90	+1.36
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Professor Henry Fawcett	10,476	34.49	+34.49
	Conservative	W.J. Gill	8,994	29.61	-1.67
Turnout			30,375	37.16	+12.48
Registered Electors			40,870

General Election 1880: Hackney (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Professor Henry Fawcett	18,366	40.19	+5.70
	Liberal	John Holms	16,997	37.20	+1.30
	Conservative	G.C.F. Bartley	10,332	22.61	-7.00
Turnout			45,693	52.19	+15.03
Registered Electors			43,773

• Appointment of Fawcett as Postmaster General and Holms as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury

By-Election 7 May 1880: Hackney (2 seats)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Rt Hon. Professor Henry Fawcett	Unopposed	N/A	N/A
	Liberal	John Holms	Unopposed	N/A	N/A

• Death of Fawcett

By-Election 20 November 1884: Hackney
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Professor James Stuart	14,540	62.99	N/A
	Conservative	A. MacAlister	8,543	37.01	N/A
Majority			5,997	25.98	N/A
Turnout			23,083	48.01	N/A
Registered Electors			48,076
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A

• Constituency abolished (1885)

[edit] References

• Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
• British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press 1977)
• Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910. by Henry Pelling (Macmillan 1967)
• Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume I 1832-1885, edited by M. Stenton (The Harvester Press 1976)
• Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume II 1886-1918, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1978)