Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji
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The Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji (宝永大噴火 Hōei dai funka?) occurred in 1707 (the fourth year of the Hōei era). Although it brought no lava flow, the Hoei eruption released a tremendous amount of volcanic ash, which spread over vast areas around the volcano, reaching even Edo almost 100 km from Mount Fuji. The volume of ash was estimated at about 800,000,000 m³.
The eruption occurred in the south-west side of Mt.Fuji, and formed three new volcanic vents, named 1st, 2nd and 3rd Hōei vents. Mt.Fuji has not erupted since then.
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[edit] Secondary disasters
In the year following the Hōei eruption, the Sakawa river flooded as a secondary disaster because of the sediment of volcanic ash.
Volcanic sands fell and widely covered the cultivated fields east of Mt.Fuji. To recover the fields farmers cast volcanic products out to dumping-grounds and made sandpiles. The rain washed sandpiles from the dumping-grounds away to the rivers again and again and made some of the rivers shallower. Especially into the Sakawa river voluminous volcanic ash flew and made temporary dams here and there. The downpour of rain on August 7th and 8th of the year following the Hōei eruption caused an avalanche of volcanic ash and mud and broke the dams to flood over the Ashigara plain.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- 富士山火山防災協議会 (Council for Fuji volcano disaster reduction)
- 富士山宝永噴火（1707）後の土砂災害(PDF)(Distribution of sediment disasters after the 1707 Hoei eruption of Fuji Volcano in central Japan, based on historical documents)
[edit] References
- Source of map: 宝永噴火降灰分布実績図（出典：富士山防災協議会）
