Gyebaek
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Gyebaek | |
|---|---|
| Hangul: |
계백
|
| Hanja: |
階伯
|
| Revised Romanization: | Gyebaek |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Kyebaek |
Gyebaek (died 660) was a general in the ancient Korean kingdom of Baekje during the early to mid 7th century. Little else is known of his personal life—including the year and location of his birth. The Taekwondo pattern Gyebaek is named after him.
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[edit] Cultural background
The Baekje Dynasty flourished for six centuries from 18 BC until it was defeated by Silla in 660. Baekje was established by Onjo, the third son of the first king of Goguryeo in the southwest corner of the Korean peninsula, close to the site of present-day Seoul. It expanded southward and set up a trading relationship with China.
[edit] Military history
In 655, Baekje and Goguryeo joined forces to attack Silla, although they were eventually driven back when Silla received aid from Tang Dynasty China. In 660, when a huge united army of Silla and the Chinese invaded Baekje, General Gyebaek organised 5,000 soldiers of the highest morale and courage to meet them in battle. He knew before he set out that his army was outnumbered and that his efforts would be futile, but he did not hesitate to try to defend his country, reportedly stating "I would rather die than be a slave of the enemy." He then killed his wife and family to prevent them from falling into the hands of opposing forces, and to prevent the thought of them to influence his actions or cause him to falter in battle.
His forces won four small initial battles, but then he was forced to move his forces to block the advance of General Kim Yu-shin on the Baekje capital, Buyeo. The two generals met on the plains of Hwangsan Field, in present day Hamyang, near Chiri Mountain. Gyebaek's forces fought bravely but they were outnumbered ten to one and, in the end, he and his men were annihilated.
[edit] The aftermath
Baekje was destroyed after 678 years of rule, but the name of Gyebaek is still recognised for his bravery and his fierce loyalty to his country.
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