Guy Carawan
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| Guy Carawan | |
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 Guy Carawan, ca. 1990; photograph by Heather Carawan
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| Born | July 27, 1927 Los Angeles, California |
| Occupation | folk musician, musicologist |
Guy Carawan (b. Los Angeles, California, United States, July 27, 1927) is an American folk musician, and Music Director and Song Leader for the Highlander Research and Education Center in New Market, Tennessee. He is famous for introducing the protest song "We Shall Overcome" to the American Civil Rights Movement, by teaching it to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Carawan had learned the song from Pete Seeger in the early 1950s. [1]
He sings and plays banjo, guitar, and hammered dulcimer, and frequently performs and records with his wife, singer Candie Carawan. Occasionally he is accompanied by son Evan Carawan, who plays mandolin and hammered dulcimer. Carawan and his wife live in New Market, near the Highlander Center. [1]
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[edit] Early life
Carawan was born in California in 1927, to Southern parents. His mother, from Charleston, South Carolina, was the resident poet at Winthrop College (now Winthrop University) in Rock Hill, South Carolina, and his father, a veteran of World War I from North Carolina who worked as an asbestos contractor. He earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Occidental College in 1949 and a master's degree in sociology from UCLA. Moving to New York City, he became involved with the American folk music revival in Greenwich Village in the 1950s. He also traveled abroad, visiting England, attending a World Festival of Youth and Students in the Soviet Union in 1957, and continuing on to the People's Republic of China.[1]
[edit] Career at Highlander Center
Carawan first visited the Highlander Folk School in 1953, with singers Ramblin' Jack Elliot and Frank Hamilton. At the recommendation of Pete Seeger, he returned in 1959 as a volunteer, taking charge of the music program pioneered by Zilphia Horton, who had died in an accident in 1956. When college students in Greenville, NC, began the lunch-counter sit-in movement on Feb. 1, 1960, Highlander's youth program took on a new urgency. Highlander's seventh annual college workshop took place on the first weekend in April, with 83 students from twenty colleges attending. As part of a talent show and dance, Carawan taught the students the song "We Shall Overcome." Two weeks later, on April 15, two hundred students assembled in Raleigh, NC, for a three-day conference at Shaw University. Called by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to develop a youth wing, the students instead organized the independent Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Carawan was invited to lead the singing, and he closed the first evening with "We Shall Overcome." The audience stood, linked hands and sang -- and went away inspired, carrying the song to meetings and demonstrations across the South.[2]
[edit] Hammer dulcimer
Carawan first heard the hammer dulcimer played by Chet Parker. In turn, Carawan introduced both John McCutcheon and Malcolm Dalglish to the instrument.[citation needed]
[edit] Bibliography
- Guy and Candie Carawan, compilers, We Shall Overcome! (New York: Oak Publications, 1963).
- Guy and Candie Carawan, recorders and editors, photographed by Robert Yellin, Ain't You Got a Right to the Tree of Life? The People of Johns Island, South Carolina -- their faces, their words and their songs (1966; University of Georgia Press, 1989). ISBN 0-82031-132-4
- Guy and Candie Carawan, compilers, Freedom is a Constant Struggle (New York: Oak Publications, 1968).
- Guy and Candie Carawan, collectors and recorders, Voices from the Mountains: Life and Struggle in the Appalachian South (1975; University of Georgia Press, 1996). ISBN 0-82031-882-5
- Guy and Candie Carawan, editors and compilers, Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement through Its Songs (Bethlehem, PA: Sing Out Corp., 1990, 1992). ISBN 0-9626704-4-8 (incorporates We Shall Overcome! and Freedom is a Constant Struggle above)
[edit] Discography
Documentary Recording Projects
- May Justus, summer 1953, Horton living room in Monteagle, TN; 1961 at May’s Summerfield home. (unpublished).
- Nashville Sit-In Story. Folkways Records, FH#5590, 1960. Recorded by Guy Carawan, assisted by Mel Kaiser at Cue Studio.
- Hamper McBee, Cumberland Moonshiner. Prestige Records, 1965. Recorded by Guy Carawan in Knoxville, TN, April 6, 1962.
- Freedom in the Air: Albany Georgia, 1961-62. SNCC #101. Produced by Vanguard Records for the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. Recorded by Guy Carawan. Produced by Guy Carawan & Alan Lomax.
- We Shall Overcome, Songs of Freedom Riders and the Sit-Ins. Folkways Records, FH#5591, 1963. Includes Nashville Quartet and Montgomery Trio. Recorded in New York City.
- Birmingham, Alabama, 1963. Mass Meeting. Folkways Records, FD#5487, 1980. Includes Martin Luther King, Jr., Ralph Abernathy, Birmingham Movement Choir. Recorded by Guy Carawan in Birmingham, AL.
- The Story of Greenwood, Mississippi. Folkways Records, FD#5593, 1965. Includes Bob Moses, Fannie Lou Hamer, Medgar Evers, Dick Gregory. Recorded by Guy Carawan in Greenwood, MS.
- Sea Island Folk Festival: Moving Star Hall Singers. Folkways Records, FS#3841, 1966. Includes Alan Lomax speaking at festival. Recorded and produced by Guy & Candie Carawan.
- Been in the Storm So Long: Spirituals, Shouts, Folk Tales and Children’s Songs of Johns Island, South Carolina. Folkways Records, FS#3842, 1967. Recorded and produced by Guy & Candie Carawan.
- Earl Gilmore: From the Depths of My Soul. June Appal Records, JA#022, 1967. Produced and edited by Guy Carawan for June Appal. Includes Rupert Oysler on harmonica. Recorded by Jack Wright and Jeff Kiser.
- Come All You Coal Miners. Rounder Records, #4005, 1974. Includes Nimrod Workman, Sarah Gunning, George Tucker, Hazel Dickens. Recorded by Roger and Lucy Phenix at Appalachian Music Workshop at Highlander Center, October 1972. Produced by Guy Carawan.
- George Tucker, Kentucky Coal Miner. Rounder Records, #0064, 1975. Collected and recorded by Guy Carawan in Beaver, KY.
- China: Music from the Peoples’ Republic. Rounder Records, #4008, CD, 1976. Recorded in China by Guy and Candie Carawan.
- Sing for Freedom, Southwide Workshop. Folkways Records, FD#5488, 1980. Produced by Guy & Candie Carawan, Highlander Center. Recorded at the Gammon Theological Seminary in Atlanta, GA, at a workshop with Freedom Singers, Birmingham Movement Choir, Georgia Sea Island Singers, Doc Reese, Phil Ochs, and Len Chandler.
- They’ll Never Keep Us Down: Women’s coal mining songs. Rounder Records, #4012, 1983. Includes Hazel Dickens, Sarah Gunning, Florence Reece, Phyllis Boyens, Reel World String Band. Dedicated to Sarah Gunning who died October 14, 1983. Produced by Guy & Candie Carawan for Rounder.
- Sing for Freedom. Smithsonian Folkways, SF#40032, CD, 1990. A compilation of material from the six LPs. Selected by Guy & Candie Carawan.
- Been in the Storm So Long. Smithsonian Folkways, SF#40031, CD, 1990. A compilation of material from the two LPs. Selected by Guy & Candie Carawan.
- Coal Mining Women. Rounder Records, #4025, CD, 1997. Selections from two previous coal LPs. Conceived and selected by Guy and Candie Carawan.
Personal Recordings
- Songs with Guy Carawan, vol. 1, Folkways Records, FG 3544, 1950.
- Guy Carawan Sings: Something Old, New, Borrowed and Blue, Folkways Records, FG 3548, 1959.
- This Little Light of Mine, Folkways Records, FG 3552, 1960.
- The Best of Guy Carawan, Prestige International, #13013, 1961.
- A Guy Called Carawan, E.M.I. Records, Middlesex, England, SX 6065, 1965.
- Freedom Now! Songs for a New America (with Candie Carawan), Plane Records, Germany, #55301, 1968.
- The Telling Takes Me Home, Cur Non Records, cnl 722, 1972.
- Sitting on Top of the World & Mountain Songs (double album), Intercord Xenophon, Germany, Int. 181.012, 1974.
- Sitting on Top of the World, American version (with Candie Carawan), self produced, 1975.
- Green Rocky Road, June Appal Recordings, JA 021, 1976.
- Jubilee, June Appal Recordings, JA 029, 1979.
- Songs of Struggle and Celebration, Flying Fish Records, FC 27272, 1982.
- My Rhinoceros and Other Friends, (childrens’ songs), A Gentle Wind, GW 1023, 1983.
- High on a Mountain, self-produced (cassette only), 1984.
- Hammer Dulcimer Music (with Evan Carawan), Flying Fish Records, FF 329, 1984.
- The Land Knows You're There, Flying Fish Records, FF 391, 1986.
- Old Blue & Other Favorites, self-produced (cassette only), 1990.
- Tree of Life (Arbol de La Vida), Flying Fish Records, FF 525, 1990.
- Homebrew (The Carawan Family), Flying Fish Records, FF 609, 1992.
- Sparkles & Shines, Ponder Productions, 1999.
Included on Albums with Others
- Several albums released in England in the late 1950s, including America at Play with Peggy Seeger.
- Songs for Peace, Folk Freak Records, FF 4010, 1983.
- I’m Gonna Let it Shine: A Gathering of Voices for Freedom, Round River Records, RRR 401, 1990.
- Freedom is a Constant Struggle: Songs of the Mississippi Civil Rights Movement, Folk Era, FE 1419, 1994.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Neely, Jack (2005). Lifelong Students, Eternal Activists. Metro Pulse.
- ^ Adams, Frank (1975). Unearthing Seeds of Fire: The Idea of Highlander, pp. 152-155.
[edit] Video References
- We Shall Overcome, Ginger Group Productions, 1988; PBS Home Video 174, 58 min. Pete Seeger, Bernard Lafayette, Julian Bond, and Bernice Johnson Reagon comment on Guy Carawan's role in teaching the song "We Shall Overcome."
- The Telling Takes Me Home, Heatcar Productions (http://www.heatcar.com/), 2005; produced, directed and edited by Heather Carawan, 29 min. Music and memory tell the story of Guy and Candie Carawan, activists and folk singers who have carried their work from the deep south of the Civil Rights Movement into today's daunting struggle for peace. Interweaving past and present, the filmmaker integrates her own reflections on growing up in a rich musical and political landscape with her parents' views on race relations, community organizing, and the sustaining power of song.
