Grottasöngr

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Grotte redirects here. For the town in Italy, see Grotte, Italy.

Gróttasöngr or the Song of Grótti is an Old Norse poem, sometimes counted among the poems of the Poetic Edda. The poem is preserved in one of the manuscripts of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda along with a myth explaining its context.

The myth has also survived independently as a heavily modified Scandinavian fairy tale, called Why the Sea Is Salt, collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their Norske Folkeeventyr. Moreover, Gróttasöngr had great social and political impact in Sweden during the 20th century as it was modernized in the form of Den nya Grottesången by Viktor Rydberg.

Snorri relates that Skjöldr ruled the country that we today call Denmark. Skjöldr had a son named Friðleifr who succeeded him on the throne. Friðleifr had a son who was named Fróði who became king after Friðleifr, and this was at the time when Caesar Augustus proclaimed peace on earth and the Christian figure Jesus was supposedly born. The same peace ruled in Scandinavia, but there it was called Fróði's peace. The North was so peaceful that no man hurt another, even if he met his father's or his brother's killer, free or tied. No man was a robber and a golden ring could rest on the moor of Jellinge for a long time.

King Fróði visited Sweden and its king Fjölnir, and from Fjölnir he bought two female slave giantesses named Fenja and Menja who were big and strong. In Denmark, there were two big mill stones which were so big that no man was strong enough to use them. However, the man who ground them could ask them to produce anything he wished. This mill was called "Grótti" and it had been given to Fróði by Hengikjopt.

Fróði had Fenja and Menja tied to the mill and asked them to grind gold, peace and happiness for himself. Then he gave them neither rest nor sleep longer than the time of a song or the silence of the cuckoo. In revenge Fenja and Menja started to sing a song named the "song of Grótti" (the poem itself) and before they ended it, they had produced a host led by a sea-king named Mysing. Mysing attacked Fróði during the night and killed him, and left with rich booty. This was the end of the Fróði peace.

Mysing brought Grótti as well as Fenja and Menja and asked them to grind salt. At midnight, they asked Mysing if he did not have salt enough, but he asked them to grind more. They only ground for a short while before the ships sunk. A giant whirlpool (maelstrom from Mal -mill and ström -stream) was formed as the sea started rushing through the centre of the mill stone. Then the sea begun turning salt.

[edit] External links

• Gróttasöngr in Old Norse from «Kulturformidlingen norrøne tekster og kvad» Norway.
• The text in Old Norse
• Grottasöngr (Old Norse)
• Grottasöngr (English)
• Den nya Grottesången in Swedish from «Kulturformidlingen norrøne tekster og kvad» Norway.

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