Greater Racket-tailed Drongo
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| Dicrurus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1766 |
The Greater Racket-tailed Drongo, Dicrurus paradiseus, is a medium-sized Asian bird. The drongos are passerines restricted to the Old World tropics. They were previously classed as the family Dicruridae, but that has been much enlarged to include a number of largely Australasian groups, such as the Australasian fantails, monarchs and paradise flycatchers.
The Greater Racket-tailed Drongo is a resident breeder in tropical southern Asia from Kashmir, India and Sri Lanka east to Indonesia. This species is usually found in broadleaved forest. Three or four eggs are laid in a cup nest in a tree.
These are aggressive and fearless birds, 32 cm in length, and will attack much larger species if their nest or young are threatened. This courageous drongo usually leads the mixed feeding flocks typical of Asian jungle habitats.
The adult Greater Racket-tailed Drongo has spangled metallic green-blue plumage, and a large bill. The tail is long and shallowly forked, with the shafts of the two outermost feathers greatly extended and ending in the rackets which give this species its name. There is a head crest, prominent in the Indian race, D. p. grandis, but much reduced in some other subspecies. The young bird is duller and uncrested.
The Sri Lankan form, D. p. ceylonicus, has a smaller crest and has a long deeply forked tail without rackets. It is sometimes given specific status as Dicrurus ceylonicus.
The Greater Racket-tailed Drongo has short legs and sits very upright whilst perched prominently, like a shrike. It is insectivorous. The species is well-known as a very accurate vocal mimic, and according to Goodale and Kotagama (2006) appears to learn its alarm calls through interactions in mixed-species flocks. This is quite unusual, as avian vocal mimicry has hitherto been believed to be ignorant of the original context of the imitated vocalization (parrots are known to use imitated human speech in correct context, but do not show this behavior in nature). This drongo's context-sensitive use of other species' alarm calls is thus analogous to a human learning useful short phrases and exclamations in a number of foreign languages.
[edit] References
- BirdLife International (2004). Dicrurus paradiseus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 06 May 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
- Goodale, E., & Kotagama, S. W. (2006). Context-dependent vocal mimicry in a passerine bird. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, 273, 875-880.
- Grimmett, Inskipp and Inskipp, Birds of India, ISBN 0-691-04910-6
