Great Hinckley Fire
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The Great Hinckley Fire was a major conflagration that burned an area of 420 square miles or 200,000 acres.The fire killed many people, with the minimum number centering at 418. This is in dispute however, as many scholars believe the number to be closer to 800. The fire occurred on September 1, 1894 and was centered at Hinckley, Minnesota. After a two-month drought, several fires started in the pine forests of Pine County, Minnesota. The main contributor to the fire was apparently the then-common method of lumber harvesting, which involved stripping trees of their branches, littering the ground with such detritus. Another contributing factor was a temperature inversion that trapped the gases from the fires, the fires developed into a firestorm, with temperatures reaching 1000 degrees Fahrenheit (550 °C). Some people were able to escape by climbing into wells, or by reaching a nearby pond or the Grindstone River. Others escaped by jumping onto two crowded trains that were able to get out of town. James Root, an engineer on a train heading south from Duluth, was able to rescue nearly 300 people by backing a train up nearly five miles to Skunk Lake, where people could escape the fire.
The fire burned out 400 square miles (1000 km²) and killed more than 400 people. The towns of Mission Creek, Brook Park and Hinckley were completely destroyed. Sandstone was also burned. Boston Corbett, the Union solider who killed John Wilkes Booth, was listed as one of the victims. It appears that this was the second-deadliest fire in the history of Minnesota, surpassed only by the 1918 Cloquet Fire.
Today, a 37-mile section of the Willard Munger State Trail, from Hinckley to Barnum, is a memorial to the fire and the devastation it caused.
[edit] References
- Gilman, Rhoda R. The Story of Minnesota's Past, Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1991. ISBN 0-87351-267-7
- Brown, Daniel James, Under a Flaming Sky: The Great Hinckley Firestorm of 1894, The Lyons Press, 2006. ISBN 1-59228-863-4
- Minnesota Historical Society Library, History Topics, Hinckley Fire of 1894
- The Story of James Root
[edit] External links
- Video documentary on the Hinckley Fire of 1894
- History of Hinckley
- The Hinckley Fire, AmericanHeritage.com
- The Great Fire of 1894, Minnesota Alliance for Geographical Education, Macalester College
- Hinckley, Pine County, Minnesota, Forest Fire Deaths, 1894
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