Grasshopper Sparrow

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Grasshopper Sparrow

Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Emberizidae
Genus: Ammodramus
Species: A. savannarum
Binomial name
Ammodramus savannarum
(Gmelin, 1789)

The Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum, is a small sparrow.

Adults have upperparts streaked with brown, grey, black and white; they have a light brown breast, a white belly and a short brown tail. Their face is light brown with an eye ring and a dark brown crown with a central narrow light stripe. There are regional variations in the appearance of this bird.

Their breeding habitat is open fields and prairie across southern Canada and the United States. The nest is a well-concealed open cup on the ground under vegetation.

These birds migrate to the southern United States, Mexico and Central America.

They forage on the ground in vegetation, mainly eating insects, especially grasshoppers, and seeds.

This bird's song is a buzz resembling the sound made by a grasshopper. Like many grassland birds, this bird's numbers have declined across many parts of its range.

Contents

[edit] References

[edit] External Links

[edit] Further reading

[edit] Book

  • Vickery, P. D. 1996. Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum). In The Birds of North America, No. 239 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, D.C.

[edit] Report

  • Cannings RJ. (1995). Status of the grasshopper sparrow in British Columbia. Canadian Research Index. p. n/a.

[edit] Thesis

  • Ahlering MA. Ph.D. (2005). Settlement cues and resource use by Grasshopper Sparrows and Baird's Sparrows in the Upper Great Plains. University of Missouri - Columbia, United States -- Missouri.
  • Ammer FK. Ph.D. (2003). Population level dynamics of grasshopper sparrow populations breeding on reclaimed mountaintop mines in West Virginia. West Virginia University, United States -- West Virginia.
  • Dillery DG. Ph.D. (1961). FOOD HABITS OF SAVANNAH AND GRASSHOPPER SPARROWS IN RELATION TO FOODS AVAILABLE. The Ohio State University, United States -- Ohio.
  • Gamble K. M.S. (2005). Habitat use in Baird's and grasshopper sparrows. University of Missouri - Columbia, United States -- Missouri.

[edit] Articles

  • Arguedas-Negrini N. (2001). Distribution, habitat and behavior of grasshopper sparrows, Ammodramus savannarum (Passeriformes : Emberizidae) in northeastern Nicaragua. Revista De Biologia Tropical. vol 49, no 2. p. 703-707.
  • Balent KL & Norment CJ. (2003). Demographic characteristics of a Grasshopper Sparrow population in a highly fragmented landscape of western New York State. Journal of Field Ornithology. vol 74, no 4. p. 341-348.
  • Behrend FW. (1973). Occurrences of the Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus-Savannarum at High Altitude on a Southern Appalachian Grass Bald. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science. vol 48, no 2.
  • Bulgin NL, Gibbs HL, Vickery P & Baker AJ. (2003). Ancestral polymorphisms in genetic markers obscure detection of evolutionarily distinct populations in the endangered Florida grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus). Molecular Ecology. vol 12, no 4. p. 831-844.
  • Cortelyou RG. (1970). Grasshopper Sparrow Actions. Nebraska Bird Review. vol 38, no 4.
  • Delany MF & Cox JA. (1986). Florida USA Grasshopper Sparrow Breeding Distribution and Abundance in 1984. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 14, no 4. p. 100-104.
  • Delany MF, Giesel JT & Brazeau DA. (2000). Genetic variability among populations of the Florida grasshopper sparrow. Journal of Wildlife Management. vol 64, no 3. p. 631-636.
  • Delany MF & Linda SB. (1994). Characteristics of occupied and abandoned Florida grasshopper sparrow territories. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 22, no 4. p. 106-109.
  • Delany MF & Linda SB. (1998). Characteristics of Florida Grasshopper Sparrow nests. Wilson Bulletin. vol 110, no 1. p. 136-139.
  • Delany MF, Stevenson HM & McCracken R. (1985). Distribution Abundance and Habitat of the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus-Savannarum-Floridanus. Journal of Wildlife Management. vol 49, no 3. p. 626-631.
  • Herkert JR. (1998). The influence of the CRP on grasshopper sparrow population trends in the mid-continental United States. Wildlife Society Bulletin. vol 26, no 2. p. 227-231.
  • Joern A. (1988). Foraging Behavior and Switching by the Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus-Savannarum Searching for Multiple Prey in a Heterogenous Environment. American Midland Naturalist. vol 119, no 2. p. 225-234.
  • Joern A. (2002). Context-dependent foraging and enemy-free space: Grasshopper sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum) searching for grasshoppers (Acrididae). Ecoscience. vol 9, no 2. p. 231-240.
  • Kaspari M. (1991). PREY PREPARATION AS A WAY THAT GRASSHOPPER SPARROWS (AMMODRAMUS-SAVANNARUM) INCREASE THE NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION OF THEIR PREY. Behavioral Ecology. vol 2, no 3. p. 234-241.
  • McNair DB. (1986). Clutch Information for the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow from Oological Collections. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 14, no 2. p. 48-49.
  • Miller P. (2005). Long distance dispersal of a Florida grasshopper sparrow. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 33, no 4. p. 123-124.
  • Olson SL. (1980). The Subspecies of Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus-Savannarum in Panama Aves Emberizinae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. vol 93, no 3. p. 757-759.
  • Perkins DW & Vickery PD. (2001). Annual survival of an endangered passerine, the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow. Wilson Bulletin. vol 113, no 2. p. 211-216.
  • Perkins DW & Vickery PD. (2005). Effects of altered hydrology on the breeding ecology of the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow and Bachman's Sparrow. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 33, no 2. p. 29-40.
  • Perkins DW, Vickery PD, Dean TF & Scheuerell MD. (1998). Florida grasshopper sparrow reproductive success based on nesting records. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 26, no 1. p. 7-17.
  • Pranty B. (2000). Three sources of Florida Grasshopper Sparrow mortality. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 28, no 1. p. 27-29.
  • Shriver WG & Vickery PD. (1999). Aerial assessment of potential Florida Grasshopper Sparrow habitat: Conservation in a fragmented landscape. Florida Field Naturalist. vol 27, no 1. p. 1-9.
  • Whitmore RC. (1979). Short-Term Change in Vegetation Structure and Its Effect on Grasshopper Sparrows Ammodramus-Savannarum in West-Virginia USA. Auk. vol 96, no 3. p. 621-625.
  • Whitmore RC. (1981). Structural Characteristics of Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus-Savannarum Habitat. Journal of Wildlife Management. vol 45, no 3. p. 811-814.
  • Wiens JA. (1971). Egg Dumping by the Grasshopper Sparrow in a Savannah Sparrow Nest. Auk. vol 88, no 1. p. 185-186.
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