Golub-Dobrzyń
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Golub-Dobrzyń is a town in central Poland, located on the both sides of the Drwęca river.
Situated in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodship (since 1999), previously in Torun Voivodship (1975-1998). Population 12,500. It is the capital of Golub-Dobrzyń County.
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[edit] History
Initially there were 2 cities: Golub located north of the Drwęca in the Chełmno Land and Dobrzyn located south of the Drwęca in the Land of Dobrzyn. The two cities were united May 5, 1951.
[edit] History of Golub
The village Golub (villa golube), populated by Poles, was first mentioned in a document from 1258. The Chełmno Land was by then in hands of the Teutonic Order since 1231. The Teutonic knights built a castle 1296-1306 and elevated it to city status. In 1421 all privileges of the city were confirmed by Grand Master Michael Küchmeister von Sternberg. The city was severely damaged during Polish-Teutonic Order wars in 1414 and 1422, the latter war called the Golub war. In 1466 according to the Second Treaty of Toruń Golub returned to Poland.
The height of prosperity of the city was reached during the rule of King Sigismund III Vasa 1611-1625. The city was severely damaged during Polish-Swedish wars, especially 1626-1629, 1655, 1660 and later during the Seven Years' War 1756-1763. In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland, Golub was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia. During 1807-1815 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw. It was assigned to the Duchy of Poznan in 1815, and in 1817 it was included in West Prussia. In 1871 it was included in Imperial Germany and was subject to Germanisation. In January 1920 it became part of Poland. In August 1920, the Red Army attacked the city. In 1939 it was annexed by Nazi Germany and most of dwellers were forced to sign the Volksliste.
[edit] History of Dobrzyń
Since the second half of 17th century Dobrzyń existed as a settlement on the left bank of the Drwęca. In 1684 Zygmunt Działyński named the settlement Przedmieście Golubskie. In 1789 Graf Ignacy Działyński founded the city of Dobrzyń. In 1793 after the second partition of Poland, Dobrzyń was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia. During 1807-1815 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1815 it was included in the Kingdom of Poland in personal union with the Russian Empire. In the second half of the 19th century the Kingdom of Poland was annexed by Russia and the city developed quickly with a growing Jewish population. Eventually Dobrzyń became greater than Golub. After 1918 it was part of Poland. In August 1920, the Red Army attacked the city. In 1939 it was annexed by Nazi Germany and most of its dwellers were deported to death camps. The local intelligentsia was murdered through executions.
[edit] Monuments and landmarks
- Teutonic Knights castle, build at the turn of 13th and 14th century, later in 15th century rebuild and extended; between 1616 and 1623 it was a residence of Anna of Finland, during this period a Renaissance attic was added. The castle was destroyed during the The Deluge and later in 19th century, when it was neglected and a gale caused collapse of the attic. After 1945 the castle was rebuild and renovated.
- Gothic church of St. Catherine, dating back to the beginnnign of 14th century, with Renaissance chapel of Kostka family
- Relics of defence walls
- Wooden arcaded house at the market square dating back to the end of 18th century
- In Dobrzyń - Classicistic church built between 1823 and 1827
[edit] Photos
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[edit] Major corporations
- Agrolok sp. z o.o., Golub-Dobrzyn
[edit] External links
