Golaghat District
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Golaghat is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India.It attained district status in the year 1987. The district headquarters are located at Golaghat. The district occupies an area of 3502 km² and lies 100 meter above sea level. It has a population of 945,781 (as of 2001).
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[edit] Geography
Location
It is surrounded by the river Brahmaputra on the North; state of Nagaland on the South; district Jorhat on the East and Karbi Anglong and Nagaon district on the West. It is located between 26.0º to 27.1º latitudes and 93.0º to 94.18º longitudes.Dhansiri is the principal river, which originates from 'Laisang peak' of Nagaland. It streams through a distance of 352 km from south to north before joining the Brahmaputra.Its catchment area is 1220 sq. km. Doyang, Nambor, Doigrung and Kalioni are the four rivulets of the Dhansiri. The river Kakodonga marks the border of Golaghat and Jorhat districts.
Climate
The climate is tropical with a hot and humid weather prevailing most of the summer and monsoon months. Total average annual rainfall is 1300 mm. Maximum precipitation occur in the month of June and July. Maximum temperature is 38.0º C in month of June and minimum temperature is 10.0º C in the month of December.
[edit] History
The name Golaghat originated from the markets established by a business class of people called 'Marwari' (who has its origin in Rajasthan )during the middle of 20th century at the bank of river Dhansiri in the vicinity of the district headquarter. Gola means market and Ghat means the port of river transort. There was a kingdom in Doyang-Dhansiri valley in the 9th century. Inscription on rocks of Nagajari Khanikar village of Sarupathar, remnants of fortifications, brick structures, monuments, temples, tanks etc. discovered in the valley are evidences of the existence of the kingdom. The Ahoms were the rulers of this Doyang – Dhansiri valley in the 16th century. Earlier, this part was ruled by the Kacharis known as Herombial. During Ahom rule it was under 'Morongi – Khowa Gohain', an administrative officer of the Ahom government. Later British took control of Assam , Doyang – Dhansiri valley was incorporated under the newly formed Golaghat subdivision of Sibsagar District in 1846. Golaghat district played an active part in the freedom struggle of India. Kushal Kunwar, Kamala Miri, Dwariki Das, Biju Vaishnav, Sankar Chandra Barua, Rajendra Nath Barua, Ganga Ram Bormedhi and Dwarikanath Goswami are eminent freedom fighters of the region. Golaghat was raised to the position of a matured district of Assam on 15th of August,1987.
[edit] Administration
Within the merged establishment of the Deputy Commissioner, Golaghat are the Offices of the Sub-Divisional Officers , Dhansiri and Bokakhat. There are multiple functions and issues looked after by the Deputy Commissioner's office from its headquarter. The branches of the office of the Deputy Commissioner are rationalized as Administration, Civil Defense, Confidential, Development, Election, Excise, Home Guards, Magisterial, Nazarat, Personnel, Registration, Revenue, Supply, Treasury and Zila Sainik Board. The Court of District and Session Judge are also located in its headquarter Golaghat.
[edit] Economy
Economy of Golaghat district is basically agro based. Tea, Rice and Sugarcane are the main agricultural crops grown in the district. Tea is the largest agro based industry of the district. There are 63 large Tea gardens producing about 20000MT of tea per year. Moreover, emergence of small tea growers has proclaimed a new improvement in the district. Small scale tea growers have got considerable fame here because of fat income compared to other high land crops. It has caught the desire of unemployed people to take owning tea-gardens as there profession. Rearing and reeling of Muga and Endi, making of Japi (headgear) and earthen Potential and extraction of Agaru oil are the cottage industries prevail in Golaghat district. Quality Muga silk and Agaru oil in Golaghat district are well-known in the state . Long neck earthen potential made in Dhekial, specially for storing molasses is unique in the world. 'Japi' of Naharani of Dergaon finds a market in entire Brahmaputra valley.[citation needed]
Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) is the only major heavy industry in the district. The Numaligarh Refinery Limited situated in Numaligarh is engineered to process 3.0 MMTPA of indigenous crude oil adopting innovated technologies. Numaligarh Refinery custom-built in October, 2000 is the juvenile multifaceted refinery in the country having up-to-the-minute facilities and an intricacy measuring 6.67 on the Nelson’s Index, which is the highest among the public sector refineries. NRL has achieved global standard by obtaining certification of its Quality, Environment and Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems. It has already adopted Hydrocracker Technology to enhance the production of middle distillates.[citation needed]
[edit] Art and Culture
Contribution of Golaghat towards Assamese Literature
Golaghat district crowns a many literary intellects who had made outstanding contributions to Assamese Literature. The most prominent writer of the 19th century who hailed from Golaghat was Hem Chandra Barua, the writer of first Assamese dictionary 'Hemkosh'. Raghunath Mahanta, Satradhikar of Doyang Alengi Satra of Golaghat, was another writer of 19th century who composed three masterpieces namely ' Shatrunjoy Kavya', 'Adbhoot Ramayan' and 'Katha Ramayan’. One significant poet of Ahom age was Durgeswar Dwiji. He composed a book titled 'Sangkhosur Badh'.Hem Chandra Goswami, is regarded as one of the exceptional writers of the late 19th century and early twentieth century. He is the first 'Sonnet' writer of Assamese language. The credit of first Assamese poetess plus first Assamese short story writer amongst women went to Yamuneswari Khatoniar of Golaghat. Her collection of verses called 'Arun' was the first book written by a woman poet. Ghanashyam Barua of Golaghat who was also famous in the field of political scenario as the first Central Minister of Assam translated Shakespeare's 'Comedy Of Errors' into the Assamese language along with three of his partners. Kamal Chandra Sarma of Golaghat enjoyed the influential position of secretary of 'Asomiya Bhasa Unnoti Sadhini Sabha'. Syed Abdul Malik, the invincible writer of Assamese literature belongs to village Nahoroni of Golaghat. He was the president of Assam Sahitya Sabha. Malik received many exalted prizes including Sahitya Akademy, Sankar Dev Award, Xahityacharyya etc.
The other sons of Golaghat who marked their names as great writers of Assamese literature are Surendranath Saikia; Hari Parsad Barua;Kirtinath Hazarika;Dr. Nagen Saikia;Dr. Deva Prasad Barua ; Nilamoni Phukan;Samir Tanti;Lakhikanta Mahanta; Purna Chandra Goswami; Dr Upen Kakoty; Lolit Barua; Golap Khound;Premadhar Dutta etc. The Golaghat Sahitya Sabha is one of the oldest congress of Assam Sahitya Sabha that started in 1918.
| State of Assam Assam Topics | History | Politics | People of Assam |
|
|---|---|
| Capital | Dispur |
| Districts | Barpeta | Bongaigaon | Cachar | Darrang | Dhubri | Dibrugarh | Dhemaji | Golaghat | Goalpara | Hailakandi | Jorhat | Karbi Anglong | Kokrajhar | Kamrup | Karimganj | Lakhimpur | Marigaon | North Cachar Hills | Nagaon | Nalbari | Sibsagar | Sonitpur | Tinsukia |
| Major cities | Barpeta • Bongaigaon • Dhubri • Dibrugarh • Diphu • Goalpara • Guwahati • Jorhat • Karimganj • Nagaon • North Lakhimpur • Sibsagar • Silchar • Tezpur • Tinsukia |
