George Hunt (ethnologist)

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George Hunt (1854-1933) was a Canadian consultant to the anthropologist Franz Boas who through his contributions is considered a linguist and ethnologist in his own right. He was Tlingit by birth but through marriage and adoption became an expert on the traditions of the Kwakwaka'wakw people (then known as "Kwakiutl") of coastal British Columbia.

He was born in 1854 at Fort Rupert, B.C., one of eleven children of Robert Hunt, a Hudson's Bay Company fur trader from Dorsetshire, England, and Mary Ebbetts (Ansnaq) (1823-1919), a member of the Raven moiety of the Taantakwáan (Tongass) tribe of the Tlingit nation of southeastern Alaska. Robert and Mary had been married at the original Fort Simpson, on the Nass River in northwestern B.C.

Hunt's parents' marriage was the occasion of the introduction of many Tlingit hereditary privileges and artistic motifs (reflected on totem poles) into Kwakwaka'wakw society.

In the early 1880s Hunt served as boatman, guide, and interpreter for Adrian Jacobsen of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition.

Hunt's collaboration with Boas began in 1886 when Boas first visited the Kwakwaka'wakw. In 1893, Boas brought Hunt to the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago and taught him how to write the Kwak'wala language.

Over the years Hunt produced hundreds of pages of texts for Boas, covering every aspect of Kwakwaka'wakw culture, including potlatch ceremonies in which Hunt himself participated.

George Hunt's descendants include the filmmaker Barbara Cranmer, and a dynasty of traditional Northwest Coast artists including Henry Hunt, Richard Hunt, Stanley Hunt, Tony Hunt, and Calvin Hunt.

In 1986 members of the Boas and Hunt families held a "reunion" at Tsaxis (Fort Rupert).

[edit] Bibliography

Barbeau, Marius (1950) Totem Poles. 2 vols. (Anthropology Series 30, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 119.) Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.

Boas, Franz, and George Hunt (1905) Kwakiutl Texts. (Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol. 3.) Leiden, Netherlands.

Boas, Franz, and George Hunt (1906) Kwakiutl Texts—Second Series. (Publications of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, vol. 10). Leiden, Netherlands.