Garmian

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Garmian, (also: 'Germiyan', old: 'Garmakan') is a native regional subdivision of Kurdish regions in northern Iraq. It is located at southeast of the Lesser Zab, southwest of the mountains of Shahrazor, northeast of the Tigris and the Jabal Hamrin, although sometimes including parts of southwest of the Jabal Hamrin, and northwest of the Diyala (Sirwan) river.

In the Parthian and Sassanid eras Garmian or as it was called back then 'Garmakan' was a small kingdom, centered at the city of Karkheni (later known as Kirkuk). This kingdom bordered Sharazor to the east and Nodardashiragan to the north. At the end of the Parthian era it was combined with Sharazor and the king ruled it named Yazdan Kard (meaning Servant of God in Kurdish). ^[1] It was conquered by Arab general Utba bin Farqad Al-Salami in 7th century AD.