Frederick Herzberg
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Frederick Herzberg | |
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Born | 18 April, 1923 Lynn, Massachusetts, USA |
Died | 19 January, 2000 University Hospital, Salt Lake City, USA |
Contents |
[edit] Background
Frederick Irving Herzberg (1923 - 2000) was a noted psychologist who became one of the most influential names in business management. He is most famous for introducing job enrichment and the Motivator-Hygiene theory. His 1975 publication "One More Time, How Do You Motivate Employees?"[1] is still the most requested article from the Harvard Business Review.
Herzberg attended City College of New York, but left part way through his studies to enlist in the army. As a patrol sergeant, he was a firsthand witness of the Dachau concentration camp. He believed that this experience, as well as the talks he had with other Germans living in the area was what triggered his interest in motivation. Herzberg graduated from City College in 1946 and moved to the University of Pittsburgh to undertake post-graduate studies in science and public health. He gained his PhD in psychology with a dissertation entitled "Prognostic variables for electroshock therapy". He started his research on the workplace while teaching as a professor of psychology at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland and later moved to the University of Utah where he held the position of professor of management in the college of business. (Feder 2000)
[edit] Two Factor Theory
Proposed the Motivation-Hygiene Theory, also known as the Two factor theory (1959) of job satisfaction. According to his theory, people are influenced by two factors:
- Satisfaction is primarily the result of the motivator factors. These factors will help increase satisfaction but will have little effect on dissatisfaction.
- Dissatisfaction is primarily the result of the hygiene factors. These factors, if absent or inadequate, cause dissatisfaction but their presence has little effect on long-term satisfaction.
[edit] Hygiene:
- Pay and Benefits
- Company Policy and Administration
- Relationships with co-workers
- Physical Environment
- Supervision
- Status
- Job Security
[edit] Motivators:
- Achievement
- Recognition
- Work Itself
- Responsibility
- Promotion
- Growth
[edit] See also
- Hawthorne effect - which sheds light on the difficulties of measuring motivation
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Theory X and Theory Y
[edit] External links
- Herzberg's Theory of Motivation and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Harvard Business Review Article: One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees?
[edit] References
Feder, B.J. 2000, "F.I. Herzberg, 76, Professor And Management Consultant", New York Times, Feb 1, 2000, pg. C26. Available from: ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851 - 2003). [28 October 2006].