Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
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Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (b. Hildburghausen, 29 April 1763 - d. Jagdhaus Hummelshain, Altenburg, 29 September 1834), was duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780-1826) and duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826-1834).
He was the youngest but only son of Ernst Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen by his third wife, Ernestine of Saxe-Weimar.
Frederick succeded his father Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen in 1780, when only seventeen years old; because of this, his great-great-uncle, the prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, assumed the regency on his behalf, this regency only finished in 1787 after the death of the prince Joseph.
Until 1806 he was subjected to the restrictions of the Imperial Debit Commission, that had placed the duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen because of his desolate financial policy under his official administration. Friedrich joined in 1806 to the Confederation of the Rhine and 1815 to the German Confederation, under whose guarantee he gave 1818 to the duchy a new basic condition.
In Hildburghausen on 3 September 1785, Frederick married with Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. They had twelve children:
- Joseph Georg Karl Frederick (b. Hildburghausen, 12 June 1786 - d. Hildburghausen, 30 July 1786).
- Katharina Charlotte Georgine Fredericka Sofie Therese (b. Hildburghausen, 17 June 1787 - d. Bamberg, 12 December 1847), married on 28 September 1805 to Paul of Württemberg.
- Charlotte Auguste (b. and d. Hildburghausen, 29 July 1788).
- Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (b. Hildburghausen, 27 August 1789 - d. Altenburg, 25 November 1868).
- Luise Fredericka Marie Caroline Auguste Christiane (b. Hildburghausen, 18 January 1791 - d. Hildburghausen, 25 March 1791).
- Therese Charlotte Luise Friederike Amalie (b. Hildburghausen, 8 July 1792 - d. Munich, 26 October 1854), married on 12 October 1810 to King Ludwig I of Bavaria.
- Charlotte Luise Fredericka Amalie Alexandrine (b. Hildburghausen, 28 January 1794 - d. Biebrich, 6 April 1825), married on 24 June 1814 to Wilhelm, Duke of Nassau.
- Franz Frederick Karl Ludwig Georg Heinrich (b. Hildburghausen, 13 April 1795 - d. Hildburghausen, 28 May 1800).
- Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg (b. Hildburghausen, 24 July 1796 - d. Hummelshain, 3 August 1853).
- Frederick Wilhelm Karl Joseph Ludwig Georg (b. Hildburghausen, 4 October 1801 - d. Altenburg, 1 July 1870).
- Maximilian Karl Adolf Heinrich (b. Hildburghausen, 19 February 1803 - d. Hildburghausen, 29 March 1803).
- Eduard Karl Wilhelm Christian (b. Hildburghausen, 3 July 1804 - d. Munich, 16 May 1852).
Frederick was considered as popular and inteligent. When the last duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg died without issue in 1825, the other branches of the house decided a rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies. On 12 November 1826, Frederick became Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, to which he gave a first Basic Law in the year 1831; in exchange, he ceded Saxe-Hildburghausen to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.
| Preceded by Ernst Frederick III |
Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen 1780–1826 |
Succeeded by became Duke of Saxe-Altenburg |
| Preceded by (none) |
Duke of Saxe-Altenburg 1826–1834 |
Succeeded by Joseph |
