Fragmentation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fragmentation may refer to:
- Fragmentation in computers, a phenomenon that leads to inefficiency in many forms of computer storage
- IP fragmentation, where Internet Protocol packets are split into pieces to allow them to pass over a link with a smaller maximum packet size
- Fragmentation in explosive weaponry such as shells, where the casing on an explosive is turned into shrapnel-like projectiles during the explosion.
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Fragmentation is a term that occurs in several fields and describes a process of something breaking or being divided into pieces (fragments). See also divergence.
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[edit] Biology
Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where an organism is split into fragments. See fragmentation (biology).
- Habitat fragmentation expresses the process whereby, or the extent to which, the geographic range of a species is broken up into smaller patches.
[edit] Economics
Fragmentation means organization of production in which different stages of production are divided among different suppliers that are located in different countries. Now products traded between firms in different countries are components instead of final products. Final products may be sold to outside the region in which fragmentation happens (East-Asian countries often sell their final products to Europe and USA for example). Producers in less developed countries get positions of production chain that add less value to final product. Their challenge is to "climb upwards" on transnational production chain. Production chains are often vertical hierarchies in which big multinational companies may be those who sell final products and set production standards for "lesser" producers. This kind of fragmentation is an important part of contemporary globalization.
[edit] Music
Fragmentation is the use of fragments or the "division of a musical idea (gesture, motive, theme, etc.) into segments." It is used in tonal and atonal music and is used in musical development and closure. Called liquidation by Arnold Schoenberg, it is a common musical technique used by composers including Béla Bartók.
[edit] Further reading
- Caplin, William. Classical Form: A Theory of Formal Functions, p. 10-11.
[edit] Source
- Stein, Deborah (2005). Engaging Music: Essays in Music Analysis, "Introduction to Musical Ambiguity", p.87. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-517010-5.
[edit] Literature
Fragmentation is a logical thought process
[edit] Urban sociology
The absence or the underdevelopment of connections between the society and the groupings of some members of that society on the lines of a common culture, nationality, race, language, occupation, religion, income level, or other common interests. This gap between the concerned group and the rest might be social, indicating poor interrelationships among each other; economical based on structural inequalities; institutional in terms of formal and specific political, occupational, educative or associative organisations and/or geographic implying regional or residential concentration.
[edit] Mass spectrometry
Fragmentation refers to the fragmentation of chemical compounds to determine their structure.
[edit] Waste management
Fragmentation refers to breaking up waste materials, see Waste management#Reduction.
