Ford E-Series
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ford E-Series | |
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| Manufacturer | Ford Motor Company |
| Production | 1961—present |
| Assembly | Avon Lake, Ohio Lorain, Ohio |
| Class | Full-size van |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Platform | VN (1975-present) |
| Similar | Chevrolet Express GMC Savana Dodge Sprinter |
The Ford E-Series, formerly named and also known as the Econoline or "Club Wagon", is a line of full-size vans (both cargo and passenger) and truck chassis from the Ford Motor Company. The E-Series is related to the Ford F-Series line of pickup trucks. The line was introduced in 1961 as a compact van and its descendants are still produced today. The Econoline is produced solely at Ford's Avon Lake, Ohio plant after the closure of the Lorain, Ohio plant in December 2005 and the consolidation of all production at Avon Lake. A derivative called the Ford Chateau Wagon is marketed in the Philippines.
The Ford E-Series and Club Wagon currently hold 49.6% of the full-size van market in the United States with 179,543 sales in the United States in 2005. It has been the best selling American full-sized van for 26 years, since 1980.
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[edit] 1961-1967 Compact van
| First generation (Flat Nose)
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| Production | 1961-1967 |
The first E-Series was based on the compact Ford Falcon, sized roughly to compete with the 1961 Chevrolet Corvair Sportvan and Volkswagen Type 2, which was 172.3 in long. The first E-Series had a flat nose with the engine between and behind the front seats, later adopted by the Chevrolet Van and Dodge A100. Early models had a 144 cid 6-cylinder engine with a manual 3 speed transmission. Later models had a 170 cid or 240 cid engines with an automatic transmission. It was an immediate success with utilities like the Bell Telephone System. In the first 1961 model year, 29,932 standard vans, 6,571 custom Econoline buses, 11,893 standard pickups and 3,000 custom pickups were made. It was originally offered as a cargo van, an 8-passenger van with 3 rows of seats (which carried the Ford Falcon name) and as a pickup truck. A 165 lb weight was fitted over the rear wheels to balance the front-heavy vehicle, sometimes removed by current owners.
[edit] 1968-1974 Full-sized van
| Second generation | |
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| Production | 1968-1974 |
The 1968 Ford E-Series revolutionized van design by moving the engine all the way to the front under a short hood. These would be the first vans used as the basis for the now popular Class C van cab motorhomes, a class still dominated by Ford. The 1968 E-Series also used Ford's "Twin I-Beam" front suspension design, and was now available with a V8 engine. Over the next six years, the "Big Three" (GM, Chrysler and Ford) would all redesign their vans, with hoods gradually evolving to a short conventional truck-like hood, and evolving from being based on compact cars to using components from full-sized pickup trucks.
The grille was redesigned in 1971, and a year later E-Series offered a new feature, and a new model. Sliding rear doors were an option for 1972, as well as the Hi-Cube van, the first van with a stripped chassis used for something other than recreational vehicles.
[edit] 1975-1991
| Third generation | |
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| Production | 1975–1991 |
| Engine | 300 in³ I6 302 in³ Windsor V8 351 in³ Windsor V8 460 in³ 385 V8 6.9 L Navistar diesel V8 |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual 3-speed automatic 4-speed automatic |
| Wheelbase | 124 in 138 in |
| Length | 186.8 in 206.8 in |
| Width | 79.9 in |
| Height | 79.2 in 80.1 in 83.4 in 80.6 in 85.4 in 85.3 in |
The E-Series was redesigned in 1975 with more ergonomic controls and a full frame, allowing it to be used as a truck chassis. The nose now had a proper hood, very close to the length used today. This bodystyle continued through 1991. In 1979 the front grille and headlights were facelifted and square headlights were incorporated. In 1983, Ford's "Blue Oval" logo was integrated into the front grille. Van conversions became a popular alternative to sparse factory passenger accommodations.
[edit] 1992-present
| Fourth generation | |
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| Production | 1992-present |
| Engine | 4.2 L Essex V6 302 in³ Windsor V8 351 in³ Windsor V8 4.6 L Triton V8 5.4 L Triton V8 6.8 L Triton V10 6.0 L Power Stroke V8 |
| Transmission | 4-speed automatic 5-speed TorqShift automatic |
| Wheelbase | 138.0 in (3505 mm) |
| Length | 212 in (5385 mm) 232 in (5893 mm) |
| Width | 79.3 in (2014 mm) |
| Height | 81.2 in (2062 mm) 83.4 in (2118 mm) 84.6 in (2149 mm) |
| Curb weight | 4773 lbs. |
The redesigned 1992 E-Series was available with a 4.9 L inline six, 5.0, 5.8, and 7.5 liter V8 engines, or a 7.3 L Power Stroke diesel V8. The consumer-oriented Chateau Club Wagon version was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year for 1992. The design was more aerodynamic, and no longer featured taillight lenses shared with 70s F-Series trucks.
With this body style, Ford dominated the market for 15 passenger vans once created by Dodge. It was favored by churches, but the high heavy-duty body became notorious for rollover incidents due to the high center of gravity and the weight of 15 adults. For this reason it is recommended that only trained drivers be used, and nothing be carried on the roof of such vehicles.
Starting in late 1996, Ford updated the 1997 Econoline front end with a new grille that featured an oval cutout and new lower front bumper trim. Also introduced at this time were the new line of Ford Triton engines and the end of using the 4.9 L I6, 5.0L, 5.8L and 7.5L V8s in the E-series. The new lineup of engines featured a non-Triton 4.2 L V6, 4.6 L and 5.4 L Triton V8s, and for the first time in the E-Series, a 6.8 L Triton V10. The 7.3 L diesel remained unchanged.
For 2001, Ford again refreshed the E-Series, with a new E-150 Traveler model targeted at families.
[edit] E-Series
By this time, the Econoline was known as the "E-Series," and was sold as such in the literature on commercial vans and ambulance packages, another category dominated by Ford. Heavy-duty cutaway van models also featured "E-350" or "E-450" badging on the front fenders. Starting in 2001, however, Ford officially fully rebranded the Econoline as the E-Series in all badging and consumer sales literature. With the development of more sophisticated 7 passenger minivans, the market for passenger versions declined, so the "Club Wagon" designation for passenger wagons has been dropped. Full-sized vans have a very high floor, and seats which are bolted to the floor, whereas the latest minivans feature powered middle windows, and seats which fold into the floor. However, compared to popular 3-row SUVs, only full-size vans have the towing and payload and optional V10 or diesel power of full-sized pickups and room for 15 or 8 passengers plus their baggage. Crew bench seating is optional and can seat 5 passengers comfortably with ample baggage storage.
For 2003, Ford refreshed the E-Series by changing the grille style, incorporating an integral Ford logo.
2004 saw the replacement of the 7.3 L Power Stroke diesel and the introduction of the new 6.0 L Power Stroke with more power than the 7.3 L, but still detuned from the same engine in the F-Series due to a lack of airflow in the engine compartment. The 6.0 Powerstroke is intercooled, however the 7.3L lacked an intercooler. In 2006, the 6.8 L Triton V10 produced 305 hp and 420 lb-ft torque, 235/440 for the diesel.
The E-series is an excellent tow vehicle, due to the available GCWR (Gross Combined Weight Rating) of up to 20,000 pounds, and its relatively low curb weight. No other van or SUV can match its available towing capacity and payload.
95 percent of van sales are to commercial or fleet-end users, about half are cargo vans. The E-Series cargo area features a double-wall design — a full-size van exclusive — which leaves the exterior sheet metal less vulnerable to damage from shifting cargo. [1]
In early 2007, the E-series was listed by Autodata as one of the top 20 best selling vehicles in the Us. In 2007, a new E-Series with a restyled grille which matches the new super-duty pickup truck styling was announced. The GM competition is a minor update of a 1990s design with no exposed hinges. Chrysler abandoned a body style essentially unchanged from the 1970s in favor of the Sprinter, a narrow European Mercedes-Benz van with a 150 hp turbodiesel engine, which has found favor primarily in commercial delivery with its high roof, and high-end, high-mileage Class C RV.
[edit] In the Media
Several 1968-74 Econolines were seen in mainstream films - Diamonds Are Forever, Return from Witch Mountain, Cobra, and Bound By Honor. Nanci Griffith referred to a Ford Econoline in one of her songs.
An Econoline also featured in an episode of MTV's Pimp My Ride, and was known for being fitted with a fully-functional hot tub in the back of the van.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Ford E-Series official websites: U.S.A. | Canada
- Ford E-Series Ambulance Packages official websites (U.S.A.): Van | Cutaway Chassis
- AutoGuideWiki.com
- Vintage Truck Magazine 1962 Ford Econoline Van detailed article
- Falconparts.com
