Football in Sweden
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Football is the most popular sport in Sweden, with over 240,000 licensed players—of which 56,000 are women—plus another 240,000 youth players. There are around 3,200 active clubs fielding over 8,500 teams, which are playing on the 7,900 pitches available in the country. Football was first played in Sweden in the 1870s, the first championship was decided in 1896 and the Swedish Football Association was founded in 1904. Despite being a relatively small country population-wise, both the men's and women's national teams and the club teams have gained rather large success from time to time.
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[edit] History
Football, along with other organised sports, came to Sweden in the 1870s and was mainly exercised by gymnastics clubs which exercised most of the sports of the time. England and Scotland were the main sources of inspiration and it is thus not strange that football gained popularity fast, with the first agreement of rules made in 1885 by the clubs active in Gothenburg, Stockholm and Visby. The first international club match was played in 1890 and the first match with modern rules was played two years later in 1892.
The first association to administer a Swedish national football tournament was Svenska Idrottsförbundet, founded 1895 in Gothenburg, the dominating football town in Sweden, at the time. The association arranged Svenska Mästerskapet in 1896 which Örgryte IS won. The tournament was played until 1925 when the first national league, Allsvenskan, was started. In the late 1890s, the IFK associations began playing football, and by 1901, the first Kamratmästerskap (IFK championship) in football was arranged.
Football has grown since and there is currently around 3,300 clubs with 32,700 teams and with one million members, whereof about half a million are active players, altogether.
[edit] League system
The current national league system administered by the football association is organised as 1-1-2-6-12, where Allsvenskan is the highest Swedish level and Superettan the second highest, followed by two third level (Division 1), six fourth level (Division 2) and twelve fifth level leagues (Division 3). This system is new for the 2006 season, the difference being the two Division 1 leagues being added between Superettan and Division 2, which previously was the third highest level.
[edit] Cup system
The national cup Svenska Cupen is played by all 30 teams from Allsvenskan and Superettan and 68 teams from the lower divisions. Which 68 teams from the lower divisions that get to play is decided by the number of licensed players in the football districts.
Since 2004, the top four teams of Allsvenskan qualify for Royal League, a tournament of twelve teams from Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The winners of the tournament are declared Scandinavian Champions.
[edit] International titles
The Sweden national football team played its first international football match in 1908 against Norway. The team has been fairly successful with one 2nd place in the 1958 World Cup, two third places (World Cup 1950 and World Cup 1994) and a victory in the 1948 Summer Olympics. The Sweden women's national football team was once leading in the development of women's football and won the unofficial European Championships in 1984, a success the team has not managed to repeat, however, it won a silver in the World Cup 2003.
Swedish clubs have appeared in European club competition finals three times, IFK Göteborg won the UEFA Cup twice, 1982 and 1987, and Malmö FF lost the European Cup final in 1979.
[edit] Seasons
Swedish football began to have regular seasons from 1924 on, when Allsvenskan started. Before that, tournaments were played irregularly. Svenska Mästerskapet for example, the decider of the Swedish Champions in the early years, was played spring-autumn, while Svenska Serien, the national league, was played autumn-spring. Some years, it was played spring-autumn-spring due to various reasons, and other years it was not played at all due to economical trouble. In 1959, Swedish football changed from autumn-spring to spring-autumn seasons. Allsvenskan has not been suspended any season since its start.
The last five seasons:
[edit] Swedish champions
The current Swedish Champions title is held by the winners of Allsvenskan. The title has existed since 1896, although no club was given the title between 1926 and 1930. The 104 championships have been won by 18 different football clubs so far, with the top three title holders being IFK Göteborg (17 titles), Malmö FF (15) and IFK Norrköping (12). Clubs from the three largest cities in Sweden, Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö have held the title the majority of the seasons, 71 in total, but there is also an example of a very small municipality being able to field a club capable of winning the title, as Åtvidabergs FF from Åtvidaberg held the title twice, in 1972 and 1973.
The last five holders of the title:
- 2002 - Djurgårdens IF
- 2003 - Djurgårdens IF
- 2004 - Malmö FF
- 2005 - Djurgårdens IF
- 2006 - IF Elfsborg
[edit] References
- Alsiö, Martin (ed.); Frantz, Alf (ed.), Lindahl, Jimmy (ed.) & Persson, Gunnar (ed.) (2004). 100 år: Svenska fotbollförbundets jubileumsbok 1904-2004, del 2: statistiken. Vällingby: Stroemberg Media Group. ISBN 91-86184-59-8.
- Andersson, Torbjörn (2002). Kung fotboll: den svenska fotbollens kulturhistoria från 1800-talets slut till 1950. Eslöv: Brutus Östlings bokförlag Symposion. ISBN 91-7139-565-2.
- Glanell, Tomas (ed.); Havik, Göran (ed.), Lindberg, Thomas (ed.), Persson, Gunnar (ed.) & Ågren, Bengt (ed.) (2004). 100 år: Svenska fotbollförbundets jubileumsbok 1904-2004, del 1. Vällingby: Stroemberg Media Group. ISBN 91-86184-59-8.
- Jönsson, Åke (2006). Fotboll: hur världens största sport växte fram. Lund: Historiska media. ISBN 91-85377-48-1.
- Nylin, Lars (2004). Den nödvändiga boken om Allsvenskan: svensk fotboll från 1896 till idag, statistik, höjdpunkter lag för lag, klassiska bilder. Sundbyberg: Semic. ISBN 91-552-3168-3.
- Persson, Lennart K. (2006). "Fotbollens uppkomst och tidiga utveckling i Sverige och Göteborg". Idrottsarvet: årets bok (2002): 31–69. ISSN 0283-1791.
- Online
- Repinski, Marek (2006). Allsvenskan Just Nu. Retrieved on 2006-10-15.
- SFS-Bolletinen. Sveriges Fotbollshistoriker och Statistiker (2006). Retrieved on 2006-10-15.
- svenskfotboll.se. Swedish Football Association (2006). Retrieved on 2006-10-15.
