Festung
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Festung is a generic German word for a fortress. Whilst it is not in common usage in English it is used in a number of historical contexts involving German speakers:
- For historical fortresses in Austria, Germany or Switzerland
- As part of the excuse given by the Wehrmacht for the slow progress of the Siege of Warsaw
- For German WWII strongholds which were to be held at all costs, especially towards the end of the war:
- Stalingrad (Festung Stalingrad)
- Warsaw (Festung Warschau) see also the Warsaw Uprising
- Kolobrzeg (Festung Kolberg)
- Wrocław (Festung Breslau)
- Budapest (Festung Budapest)
- For entire countries such as Norway which were heavily fortified in WWII.
Festung Amerika, Fortress America, is an analogous degoratory term for the US post 9/11 Homeland security efforts.
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