Fermion-boson fate of universe theory

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Fermion-Boson Fate of Universe Theory or Fermbec-Hunt theory is a recent theory in cosmology developed in late 2005. The most widely accepted fate of the universe theory predicts that the density of the universe is very close to the critical density and the universe will continue to expand forever.

[edit] Background

In flat geometrically shaped end of universe theory, the universe will continue to expand and cool. This picture of the flat universe model was illustrated in 1996 by two University of Michigan astrophysicists in Greg Laughlin and Fred Adams in their logarithmic scale division of universe timespans into five basic eras. All the stars will have stopped shining in the 14th cosmological decade, about 100 trillion years from now all of the stars in the universe will eventually run out of fuel and burn out. During the black hole era, all matter will be locked up in dead stars such as black holes, or white dwarfs. Once the black holes have radiated away, the universe will consist of a diffuse sea of electrons, positrons, neutrinos and radiation. After accounting for the destruction of the galaxy, the authors, upon the assumption that proton decay is viable, consider the fate of the expelled degenerate remnants of neutron stars and white dwarfs. Special attention is devoted to the relation between future density fluctuations and the prospects for continued large-scale expansion. The authors compute the evolution of the background radiation fields of the universe.

[edit] New developments

This has led to the formation of Fermion-Boson Fate of Universe Theory. All matter is made of fermions and bosons. The widely held view of flat ultimate fate of the universe theory predicts that the universe will cool off – all stars will eventually run out of fuel and burn out. Therefore, the universe will cool off with temperatures dropping close to absolute zero. As this happens, because all the matter is made of bosons and fermions, Fermbec-Hunt theory predicts that nearly all the matter in the universe will form Bose-Einstein condensate and fermionic condensate as has been experimentally proven at temperatures close to absolute zero. The first "true" Bose-Einstein condensate was created by Cornell, Wieman, and co-workers at JILA on June 5, 1995. Bose-Einstein condensates have unusual properties which include dramatic losses of condensate atoms for an across-resonance sweep of the magnetic field, a collapsing condensate with a burst of atoms emanating from the remnant condensate, increased losses for decreasing interaction times-- until short times are reached, and seemingly coherent oscillations between remnant and burst atoms. The new theory predicts that as shown in laboratory experiments on earth with alkali metals that all fermions and bosons in the universe even those in a gravitational field when they reach temperatures near absolute zero will become Bose-Einstein condensates or fermionic condensates displaying the unusual properties of both, this occurring possibly as early as the "degenerate era" and possibly continuing into the "dark era" as described by Adams and Laughlin.

Fermbec-Hunt theory proposes that in flat end of universe theory, the dominant force will no longer be gravity due to the reduced density of the universe and stellar and black hole evaporation into a sea of particles resulting in the dominance of electromagnetism where quantum effects will dominate. The theory predicts that the density fluctuations proposed by Adams and Laughlin or even natural magnetic field reversals will create a magnetic field sweep across the Feshbach resonance if the entire universe is composed mainly of Bose-Einstein condensates and fermionic condensates producing an implosion similar to laboratory explosions dubbed bosenovas. Simultaneously implosions are theorized to cause a chain reaction effect the possible outcome of which could be the creation of Big Bangs or even a single Big Bang event which would use the current matter in the universe to begin yet another cycle.

[edit] References

• Fred C. Adams and Gregory Laughlin "A dying universe: the long-term fate and evolution of astrophysical objects" Rev. Mod. Phys. 69, 337–372 (1997)Issue 2 – April 1997.
• Hunt, "Bose-Einstein condensate and fermionic condensate in geometrically flat universe theory." January 2006, in publication.
• E.A. Donley, N.R. Claussen, S.L. Cornish, J.L. Roberts, E.A. Cornell, and C.E. Wieman (2001). Dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates. Nature 412: 295-299.