User:Femto/elements e6

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Contents

[edit] yttrium

39 strontiumyttriumzirconium
Sc

Y

Lu
General
Name, Symbol, Number yttrium, Y, 39
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 3, 5, d
Appearance silvery white
Standard atomic weight 88.90585(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d1 5s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 4.472  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 4.24  g·cm−3
Melting point 1799 K
(1526 °C, 2779 °F)
Boiling point 3609 K
(3336 °C, 6037 °F)
Heat of fusion 11.42  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 365  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 26.53  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1883 2075 (2320) (2627) (3036) (3607)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 3
(weakly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.22 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  600  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1180  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  1980  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 180pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 212  pm
Covalent radius 162  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (r.t.) (α, poly) 596 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 17.2  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (r.t.) (α, poly)
10.6 µm/(m·K)
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 3300 m/s
Young's modulus 63.5  GPa
Shear modulus 25.6  GPa
Bulk modulus 41.2  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.243
Brinell hardness 589  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-65-5
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
89Y 100% Y is stable with 50 neutrons
References


[edit] zirconium

40 yttriumzirconiumniobium
Ti

Zr

Hf
General
Name, Symbol, Number zirconium, Zr, 40
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 4, 5, d
Appearance silvery white
Standard atomic weight 91.224(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d2 5s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 6.52  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 5.8  g·cm−3
Melting point 2128 K
(1855 °C, 3371 °F)
Boiling point 4682 K
(4409 °C, 7968 °F)
Heat of fusion 14  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 573  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 25.36  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2639 2891 3197 3575 4053 4678
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 4
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.33 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  640.1  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1270  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2218  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 155pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 206  pm
Covalent radius 148  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 421 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 22.6  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 5.7  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 3800 m/s
Young's modulus 68  GPa
Shear modulus 33  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.34
Mohs hardness 5.0
Vickers hardness 903  MPa
Brinell hardness 650  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-67-7
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
90Zr 51.45% Zr is stable with 50 neutrons
91Zr 11.22% Zr is stable with 51 neutrons
92Zr 17.15% Zr is stable with 52 neutrons
93Zr syn 1.53 E6 y β- 0.091 93Nb
94Zr 17.38% Zr is stable with 54 neutrons
96Zr 2.8% >3.8 E19 y β- 3.350 96Mo
References


[edit] niobium

41 zirconiumniobiummolybdenum
V

Nb

Ta
General
Name, Symbol, Number niobium, Nb, 41
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 5, 5, d
Appearance gray metallic
Standard atomic weight 92.90638(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d4 5s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 8.57  g·cm−3
Melting point 2750 K
(2477 °C, 4491 °F)
Boiling point 5017 K
(4744 °C, 8571 °F)
Heat of fusion 30  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 689.9  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.60  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2942 3207 3524 3910 4393 5013
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 5, 3
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.6 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  652.1  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1380  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2416  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 145pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 198  pm
Covalent radius 137  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (0 °C) 152 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 53.7  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 7.3  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 3480 m/s
Young's modulus 105  GPa
Shear modulus 38  GPa
Bulk modulus 170  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.40
Mohs hardness 6.0
Vickers hardness 1320  MPa
Brinell hardness 736  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-03-1
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
91Nb syn 680 y ε 1.253 91Zr
92Nb syn 3.47 E7 y β- 0.356 92Mo
92Nb syn 3.47 E7 y ε 2.006 92Zr
93Nb 100% Nb is stable with 52 neutrons
94Nb syn 20,300 y β- 2.045 94Mo
References


[edit] molybdenum

42 niobiummolybdenumtechnetium
Cr

Mo

W
General
Name, Symbol, Number molybdenum, Mo, 42
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 6, 5, d
Appearance gray metallic
Standard atomic weight 95.94(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d5 5s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 10.28  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 9.33  g·cm−3
Melting point 2896 K
(2623 °C, 4753 °F)
Boiling point 4912 K
(4639 °C, 8382 °F)
Heat of fusion 37.48  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 617  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.06  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2742 2994 3312 3707 4212 4879
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.16 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st:  684.3  kJ·mol−1
2nd:  1560  kJ·mol−1
3rd:  2618  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 145pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 190  pm
Covalent radius 145  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 53.4 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 138  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 4.8  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) 5400  m·s−1
Young's modulus 329  GPa
Shear modulus 20  GPa
Bulk modulus 230  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.31
Mohs hardness 5.5
Vickers hardness 1530  MPa
Brinell hardness 1500  MPa
CAS registry number 7439-98-7
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
93Mo syn 4000 y ε 0.405 93Nb
99Mo syn 65.94 h β- 1.357 99Tc
100Mo syn 1E19 y β- 3.034 100Ru
92Mo 14.84% Mo is stable with 50 neutrons
94Mo 9.25% Mo is stable with 52 neutrons
95Mo 15.92% Mo is stable with 53 neutrons
96Mo 16.68% Mo is stable with 54 neutrons
97Mo 9.55% Mo is stable with 55 neutrons
98Mo 24.13% Mo is stable with 56 neutrons
References


[edit] technetium

43 molybdenumtechnetiumruthenium
Mn

Tc

Re
General
Name, Symbol, Number technetium, Tc, 43
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 7, 5, d
Appearance silvery gray metal
Standard atomic weight (98)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d5 5s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 13, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 11  g·cm−3
Melting point 2430 K
(2157 °C, 3915 °F)
Boiling point 4538 K
(4265 °C, 7709 °F)
Heat of fusion 33.29  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 585.2  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.27  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) (2727) (2998) (3324) (3726) (4234) (4894)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 7
(strongly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.9 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 702 kJ/mol
2nd: 1470 kJ/mol
3rd: 2850 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 183  pm
Covalent radius 156  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 50.6  W·m−1·K−1
CAS registry number 7440-26-8
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
97Tc syn 2.6 E6 y ε 0.320 97Mo
98Tc syn 4.2 E6 y β- 1.796 98Ru
99Tc syn 211,100 y β- 0.294 99Ru
References


[edit] ruthenium

44 technetiumrutheniumrhodium
Fe

Ru

Os
General
Name, Symbol, Number ruthenium, Ru, 44
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 8, 5, d
Appearance silvery white metallic
Standard atomic weight 101.07(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d7 5s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 15, 1
Physical properties
Density (near r.t.) 12.45  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 10.65  g·cm−3
Melting point 2607 K
(2334 °C, 4233 °F)
Boiling point 4423 K
(4150 °C, 7502 °F)
Heat of fusion 38.59  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 591.6  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.06  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 2, 3, 4, 6, 8
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.2 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 710.2 kJ/mol
2nd: 1620 kJ/mol
3rd: 2747 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 130pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 178  pm
Covalent radius 126  pm
Miscellaneous
Electrical resistivity (0 °C) 71 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 117  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 6.4  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 5970 m/s
Young's modulus 447  GPa
Shear modulus 173  GPa
Bulk modulus 220  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.30
Mohs hardness 6.5
Brinell hardness 2160  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-18-8
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
96Ru 5.52% Ru is stable with 52 neutrons
98Ru 1.88% Ru is stable with 54 neutrons
99Ru 12.7% Ru is stable with 55 neutrons
100Ru 12.6% Ru is stable with 56 neutrons
101Ru 17.0% Ru is stable with 57 neutrons
102Ru 31.6% Ru is stable with 58 neutrons
104Ru 18.7% Ru is stable with 60 neutrons
106Ru syn 373.59 d β- 0.039 106Rh
References


[edit] rhodium

45 rutheniumrhodiumpalladium
Co

Rh

Ir
General
Name, Symbol, Number rhodium, Rh, 45
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 9, 5, d
Appearance silvery white metallic
Standard atomic weight 102.90550(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d8 5s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 16, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 12.41  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 10.7  g·cm−3
Melting point 2237 K
(1964 °C, 3567 °F)
Boiling point 3968 K
(3695 °C, 6683 °F)
Heat of fusion 26.59  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 494  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.98  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 2288 2496 2749 3063 3405 3997
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic face centered
Oxidation states 2, 3, 4
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 2.28 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 719.7 kJ/mol
2nd: 1740 kJ/mol
3rd: 2997 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 135pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 173  pm
Covalent radius 135  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (0 °C) 43.3 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 150  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 8.2  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 4700 m/s
Young's modulus 275  GPa
Shear modulus 150  GPa
Bulk modulus 380  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.26
Mohs hardness 6.0
Vickers hardness 1246  MPa
Brinell hardness 1100  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-16-6
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
101Rh syn 3.3 y ε 0.542 101Ru
102mRh syn ~2.9 y ε 2.464 102Ru
102mRh syn ~2.9 y IT 0.141 ??
103Rh 100% Rh is stable with 58 neutrons
References


[edit] palladium

46 rhodiumpalladiumsilver
Ni

Pd

Pt
General
Name, Symbol, Number palladium, Pd, 46
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 10, 5, d
Appearance silvery white metallic
Standard atomic weight 106.42(1)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d10
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 18
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 12.023  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 10.38  g·cm−3
Melting point 1828.05 K
(1554.9 °C, 2830.82 °F)
Boiling point 3236 K
(2963 °C, 5365 °F)
Heat of fusion 16.74  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 362  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 25.98  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1721 1897 2117 2395 2753 3234
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic face centered
Oxidation states ±1
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.20 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 804.4 kJ/mol
2nd: 1870 kJ/mol
3rd: 3177 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 140pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 169  pm
Covalent radius 131  pm
Van der Waals radius 163 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 105.4 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 71.8  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 11.8  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 3070 m/s
Young's modulus 121  GPa
Shear modulus 44  GPa
Bulk modulus 180  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.39
Mohs hardness 4.75
Vickers hardness 461  MPa
Brinell hardness 37.3  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-05-3
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
102Pd 1.02% Pd is stable with 56 neutrons
104Pd 11.14% Pd is stable with 58 neutrons
105Pd 22.33% Pd is stable with 59 neutrons
106Pd 27.33% Pd is stable with 60 neutrons
107Pd syn 6.5 E6 y β- 0.033 107Ag
108Pd 26.46% Pd is stable with 62 neutrons
110Pd 11.72% Pd is stable with 64 neutrons
References


[edit] silver

47 palladiumsilvercadmium
Cu

Ag

Au
General
Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d
Appearance lustrous white metal
Standard atomic weight 107.8682(2)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 10.49  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 9.320  g·cm−3
Melting point 1234.93 K
(961.78 °C, 1763.2 °F)
Boiling point 2435 K
(2162 °C, 3924 °F)
Heat of fusion 11.28  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 258  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 25.350  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1283 1413 1575 1782 2055 2433
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic face centered
Oxidation states 1
(amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity 1.93 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 731.0 kJ/mol
2nd: 2070 kJ/mol
3rd: 3361 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 160pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 165  pm
Covalent radius 153  pm
Van der Waals radius 172 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 15.87 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 429  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 18.9  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) 2680  m·s−1
Young's modulus 83  GPa
Shear modulus 30  GPa
Bulk modulus 100  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.37
Mohs hardness 2.5
Vickers hardness 251  MPa
Brinell hardness 24.5  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-22-4
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
107Ag 51.839% Ag is stable with 60 neutrons
108mAg syn 418 y ε 2.027 108Pd
108mAg syn 418 y IT 0.109 ??
109Ag 48.161% Ag is stable with 62 neutrons
References


[edit] cadmium

48 silvercadmiumindium
Zn

Cd

Hg
General
Name, Symbol, Number cadmium, Cd, 48
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block 12, 5, d
Appearance silvery gray metallic
Standard atomic weight 112.411(8)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 8.65  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 7.996  g·cm−3
Melting point 594.22 K
(321.07 °C, 609.93 °F)
Boiling point 1040 K
(767 °C, 1413 °F)
Heat of fusion 6.21  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 99.87  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 26.020  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 530 583 654 745 867 1040
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 2
(mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.69 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 867.8 kJ/mol
2nd: 1631.4 kJ/mol
3rd: 3616 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 155pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 161  pm
Covalent radius 148  pm
Van der Waals radius 158 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (22 °C) 72.7 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 96.6  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 30.8  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 2310 m/s
Young's modulus 50  GPa
Shear modulus 19  GPa
Bulk modulus 42  GPa
Poisson ratio 0.30
Mohs hardness 2.0
Brinell hardness 203  MPa
CAS registry number 7440-43-9
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of femto/elements e6
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
108Cd 0.89% Cd is stable with 60 neutrons
109Cd syn 462.6 d ε 0.214 109Ag
110Cd 12.49% Cd is stable with 62 neutrons
111Cd 12.8% Cd is stable with 63 neutrons
112Cd 24.13% Cd is stable with 64 neutrons
113Cd 12.22% 7.7 E15 y β- 0.316 113In
113mCd syn 14.1 y β- 0.580 113In
113mCd syn 14.1 y IT 0.264 ??
114Cd 28.73% Cd is stable with 66 neutrons
116Cd 7.49% Cd is stable with 68 neutrons
References