Farther Pomerania

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Farther Pomerania (Hinterpommern) in yellow.

Farther Pomerania or Further Pomerania (German: Hinterpommern; Polish: Pomorze Zachodnie) is the part of Pomerania east of the Oder River. Farther Pomerania is sometimes known as Upper Pomerania or Middle Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze Środkowe), as it is between Hither Pomerania and Gdańsk Pomerania.

1 Towns
2 History
3 Timelines
- 3.1 Majority of Farther Pomerania
- 3.2 Lębork and Bytów
4 See also

[edit] Towns

Major towns of Farther Pomerania include:

Bytów (Bütow)
Darłowo (Rügenwalde)
Kołobrzeg (Kolberg)
Koszalin (Köslin)
Lębork (Lauenburg)
Słupsk (Stolp)
Stargard Szczeciński (Stargard im Pommern)
Szczecinek (Neustettin)

[edit] History

Farther Pomerania was part of the territory of Pomeranians organised in various Pomeranian duchies. Since 962 was a Polish province of Mieszko I. In 992 lands were gifted by Mieszko I to the pope or (according to other sources) to sons of Mieszko I and Oda von Haldensleben. After a result of military campaign in 1116, 1119 and 1121 all lands of Pomerania was conquered by Bolesław III and divided into smaller parts. Pommerellen with Gdańsk(Danzig) as a capital became a part of Poland with Bolesław III's direct rule, the Duchy of Słupsk and Sławno with duke Racibor I and Farther Pomerania with duke Warcisław I became a Polish vassal states.

Griffits' coat of arms

Warcisław I became the founder of the Slavic Griffits dynasty (in Polish Wikipedia, in German Wikipedia) that ruled Farther Pomerania (usually as vassals of other countries) until 1637. Pomeranian Dukes managed lands on the both sides of the Oder river and therefore in different history periods territories were vassal's or real estate of:

Farther Pomerania at its greatest extent as semi-independent duchy under the rule of last Griffits

Kingdom of Poland (962-992)
Holy Roman Empire or independent (992-1116)
Kingdom of Poland (1116-1181)
Holy Roman Empire (1181-1214)
Denmark (1214-1227)
- some parts -1326
Holy Roman Empire (1227-1631), parts to Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1466-1618)
- independent duchies (1569-1648)
Swedish territory in the Holy Roman Empire (1631-1635, some parts from 1631-1660, 1631-1719)
Poland (eastern and south-central lands (1637-1772); some small areas lost 1657-1686)
Holy Roman Empire/German Protestant State(central lands) (1600-1648)
independent/joint control (1648-1652)
Margravate of Brandenburg (1652-1713)
Kingdom of Prussia (1713-1807)
parts ceded to Sweden(1783-1815)
French-aligned Prussia (1807-1813)
Kingdom of Prussia (1813-1871)
German Empire/Prussia (1871-1945)
Republic of Poland (from 1945- present)

After German vassalization, the region saw a huge influx of German settlers invited by the Pomeranian nobility to found towns and cultivate the countryside. By the 18th century, Farther Pomerania was linguistically:

in major cities German,
in rural areas Kashubian
Slavic (mainly Polish) in the areas of Leba and Lauenburg, roughly germanized by 1850.

After Potsdam Conference in 1945, Farther Pomerania became part of the territory of Poland, and most of the German population was (in many cases forcibly) expelled.

[edit] Timelines

[edit] Majority of Farther Pomerania

became part of Holy Roman Empire in the 12th century
1121-1238 Duchy of Slawno (German: Herzogtum Schlawe)
1238-1317 divided
1317-1654 part of the Duchy of Pomerania (districts: Duchy of Kashubia, Duchy of Vandalia, Principality of Cammin)
1654-1815 part of Brandenburg-Prussia (districts: Duchy of Kashubia, Duchy of Vandalia, Principality of Cammin)
1815-1945 District of Köslin, part of Prussian Province of Pomerania
1945-1950 part of Szczecin Voivodeship
1950-1975 Koszalin Voivodeship
1975-1998 Koszalin Voivodeship, Słupsk Voivodeship
after 1999 divided between Pomeranian Voivodeship and West Pomeranian Voivodeship