European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System

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European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a standard for comparing the study attainment and performance of students of higher education across the European Union. For successfully completed studies, ECTS credits are awarded. One academic year corresponds to 60 ECTS-credits in all countries irrespective of standard or qualification type and is used to facilitate transfer and progression throughout the Union.

ECTS also includes a standard grading scale^[1]:

A: best 10%: outstanding performance
B: next 25%: very good performance
C: next 30%: good performance
D: next 25%: passable performance
E: next 10%: adequate performance
FX: "fail - some more work required before the credit can be awarded"
F:“fail – considerable further work required”

**List of credits given in one year in European countries**
Country	Credits in one year	Abbreviation (Unit)	Notes
European	60	ECTS-credits
Denmark	1	årsværk	See: Education in Denmark
England, Wales and Northern Ireland	120	credits	See: Credit Accumulation and Transfer Scheme
Estonia	40	ainepunkt (AP)	See: Education in Estonia
Finland	60	opintopiste	See: Education in Finland
Norway	60	studiepoeng	See: Education in Norway
Scotland	120	credits	See: SCQF
Sweden	60	högskolepoäng (Used from July 2007)	See: Education in Sweden

Obsolete systems:

**List of credits given in one year in European countries**
Country	Credits in one year	Abbreviation (Unit)	Notes
Finland (old system)	40	opintoviikko	See: Education in Finland
Germany (old system)	40	semesterwochenstunden	See: Education in Germany
The Netherlands (old system)	42	studiepunten	See: Education in the Netherlands
Sweden	40	poäng (used until July 2007)	See: Education in Sweden