Erode District
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Erode District (Tamil: ஈரோடு மாவட்டம்) is one of the districts of northern part of Tamil Nadu State, South India, and Erode is the district headquarters. The district is bounded by Karnataka to the north, and by Kaveri River to the east. Across the Cauvery lie Salem, Namakkal and Karur districts. Dindigul District lies immediately to the south, and Coimbatore and The Nilgiris districts lie to the west. Erode District is landlocked and is situated at between 10 36” and 11 58” north latitude and between 76 49” and 77 58” east longitude.
Until the year 1996, Erode district was named as Periyar District.
Contents |
[edit] Demographics
Erode district had a population of 2,581,500 as of 2001. It is 46.25% urbanised as per Census 2001.[1]
[edit] Geography
The district comprises a long undulating plain, sloping gently towards the Kaveri river in the south-east. Three major tributaries of river Kaveri, the Bhavani, Noyyal and Amaravati, drain the long stretch of mountains in the north.
[edit] Climate
The climate in general is dry and characterised by scanty rainfall. The maximum rainfall is recorded in Gobichettipalayam and Bhavani taluks. Unlike the nearby Coimbatore district which is blessed with a health-aiding climate, Erode District has dry weather throughout the year except during the monsoons. The Palghat Gap in the Western Ghats, which has a moderating effect on the climate of Coimbatore district, does not render much help in bringing down the dry climate in this area. The cool moist wind that gushes out of the west coast through Palghat gap loses its coolness and becomes dry by the time it crosses Coimbatore district and reaches Erode.
Generally the first two months of the year are pleasant, but in March the temperature begins to rise, which persists till the end of May. The highest temperatures are normally recorded during May. The scanty showers during this period do not provide much relief from the oppressive heat, however there is a slight improvement in the climate during the June-August period. During the pre-monsoon period, the temperature reverses its trend. By September the sky gets heavily overcast, although the rains are meagre. The northeast monsoon sets in vigorously only during October-November, and by December the rains disappear, rendering the climate clear but pleasant.
[edit] Rivers
The Bhavani, Kaveri, Amaravati and Noyyal are the main rivers of the district. Other significant rivers are Palar in the north and the Vatamalaikarai odai and Uppar rivers in the south. The Palar constitutes the boundary between Erode district and Karnataka in the north. The Bhavanisagar main canal along with the above mentioned rivers provide proper drainage and facilities for assured irrigation in the district. T
[edit] Bhavani River
Bhavani rises in the Western Ghats of Silent Valley National Park in Palakkad District of Kerala. It receives the Siruvani River, a perennial stream of Coimbatore District, and gets reinforced by the Kundah river before entering Erode District in Gobichettipalayam. Bhavani is more or less a perennial river fed mostly by the southwest monsoon. The northeast monsoon also supplements its water resources. This river runs for over hundred miles through Erode District, traversing Bhavani and Gobichettipalayam taluks. It feeds the Bhavanisagar reservoir, which takes an easterly course flowing through Gobichettipalayam, Sathyamangalam and Bhavani taluks before it ultimately joins Kaveri on the border of the Salem District.
[edit] Kaveri River
Kaveri rises in the Western Ghats of Kodagu (Coorg) District, in Karnataka, and is joined by many small tributaries. It runs eastward through Karnataka, and at Hogenakal fall takes a sharp turn, east to south. Before reaching this point, it is joined by its main tributary, the Kabini River. From here it runs towards the southeast, forming the boundary between Bhavani Taluk of Erode District and Tiruchengode Taluk of the neighbouring Namakkal District. The Bhavani River joins the Kaveri at the town of Bhavani.
[edit] Noyyal River
Noyyal river is noted for its capricious nature. This is fed mostly by the southwest monsoon but the northeast monsoon brings freshes, and this very often results in floods. In spite of its unpredictable character, the river helps to irrigate considerable areas in Palladam taluk of Coimbatore District and Dharapuram taluk of Erode District.
[edit] Amaravati River
Amaravati river rises in the Travancore region of Kerala, and enters Erode District from Udumalaippettai taluk in Coimbatore District. The river flows through Dharapuram before it joins Kaveri in Karur District.
[edit] History
The district was known as Periyar District, before Chief Minister M.Karunanidhi renamed all districts named after political leaders. Erode District was a part of Coimbatore district until Coimbatore was bifurcated on August 31, 1979. It is also the home of the controversial social reformer Periyar (E.V. Ramasamy) and mathematician Ramanujan.
[edit] Administration
Erode District consists of 7 Taluks listed below
- Bhavani
- Dharapuram
- Erode
- Gobichettipalayam
- Kangeyam
- Perundurai
- Sathyamangalam
The five Municipalities in the district are
- Bhavani
- Dharapuram
- Erode
- Gobichettipalayam
- Sathyamangalam
[edit] Education
Erode has several facilities for higher education including a Medical College, nine Engineering colleges along with as many as 18 Arts and Science Colleges.
[edit] Engineering Colleges in Erode District
- Institute of Road and Transport Technology (IRTT).
- Kongu Engineering College
- Velalar College of Engineering and Technology
- Bannarai amman Engineering college(BITS).
- Nandha Engineering college.
- SSM Engineering college.
- Nachimuthu Engineering college.
- Sasuri Engineering college.
- Erode Sengunthar Engineering college.
[edit] Medical Colleges in Erode District
- Perundurai Medical College.
[edit] Pharmacy Colleges in Erode District
- The Erode College of Pharmacy, Erode
[edit] Institution for Arts and Science
- Bharathithasan College of arts and Science.
- Bishop Arts and Science College Dharapuram.
- Cheran's Arts and Science College.
- Chikkaiye Naiyakar College.
- Erode Arts College.
- Erode Arts College for Women.
- Gobi Arts and Science College Gobichettipalayam.
- Karuppannan Mariappan College.
- Kongu Arts and Science College.
- Maharaja College for Women.
- Maharani Arts and Science College for Women Dharapuram.
- Nandha Arts and Science College.
- Navarasam arts and science college for Women.
- P.K.R Arts and Science colloge for Women.
- Sree Amman arts and science college.
- Sri Vasavi College.
- Vellalar College of Ats and Science for woman.
- Vellakoil Arts and Science College Vellakoil.
[edit] Economy
Erode District is an important market centre for Turmeric, a spice commonly used in curries. Turmeric is also used as a fabric dye. This turmeric is collected from Erode District and also from adjoining districts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka, including Mysore. Other specialities include Uthukuli butter and Kangayam bulls.
Erode is well known for handloom, powerloom textile products and readymade garments and hence it is called powerloom city of India. Products such as cotton sarees, bed spreads, carpets, lungies, printed fabrics, towels, dhotis are marketed here in bulk.
[edit] Transportation
The transportation system in the district is well developed. Erode, being one of the prominent trading centres in the state, is well connected with all modern means of transport except air transport. The district is accessible by both road and rail from the state capital Chennai and other district headquarters.
- Rail Transport : Erode is an important railway junction on lines coming from the west coast.
-
- No.of Railway stations : 13
-
- Uthukuli Panchayat Union (1)
- Chennimalai Panchayat Union (3)
- Modakurichi Panchayat Union (3)
- Kodumudi Panchayat Union (6)
- Road Transport : Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation is headquartered at Erode. Number of inter-district bus routes operated by the Corporation, link Erode with other prominent places in the district as well as significant places outside the district.
- Nearest Airport : Peelamedu airport at Coimbatore, which is 90 kilo meters (56 miles) by road
- Other modes : Navigable waterways are available at 5 places in the district.
[edit] Communication
The district is also served by an extensive Postal, Telegraph and Telephone networks. It is connected to the rest of the state by subscriber trunk dialing system (STD). The telephone network within the city is also expanding rapidly.
- Postal Divisions : 4 ( Erode, Tiruppur, Pollachi and Dharapuram )
- Head Post offices : 4
-
- HSGT Category : 2 ( Erode and Bhavani )
- HSG II Category : 2 ( Gobichettipalayam and Dharapuram )
- Other Post offices : 319 (including extra departmental sub-post offices and telegraph offices)
- Post and Telegraph offices : 144
- Post offices with phone facilities : 144
[edit] References
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
 |
State of Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu Topics | History | Politics | Tamil people |
|---|---|
| Capital | Chennai |
| Districts | Chennai • Coimbatore • Cuddalore • Dharmapuri • Dindigul • Erode • Kanchipuram • Kanyakumari • Karur • Krishnagiri • Madurai • Nagapattinam • Namakkal • Perambalur • Pudukkottai • Ramanathapuram • Salem • Sivaganga • Thanjavur • The Nilgiris • Theni • Thoothukudi • Tiruchirapalli • Tirunelveli • Tiruvallur • Tiruvannamalai • Tiruvarur • Vellore • Viluppuram • Virudhunagar |
| Major cities | Alandur • Avadi • Ambattur • Chennai • Coimbatore • Cuddalore • Dindigul • Erode • Kancheepuram • Karur • Kumbakonam • Madurai • Nagercoil • Neyveli • Pallavaram • Pudukkottai • Rajapalayam • Salem • Tiruchirapalli • Tirunelveli • Tambaram • Thoothukudi • Tiruppur • Tiruvannamalai • Thanjavur • Tiruvottiyur • Vellore |
