Endemic birds of the West Indies

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.

Contents 1 Patterns of endemism 1.1 Family-level endemism 1.2 Genus-level endemism 2 Endemic Bird Areas 3 List of species 3.1 Species endemic to Cuba 3.2 Species endemic to Hispaniola 3.3 Species endemic to Jamaica 3.4 Species endemic to Puerto Rico 3.5 Other species endemic to the Greater Antilles 3.6 Species endemic to the Lesser Antilles 3.7 Other species endemic to the region 3.8 Near-endemics 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Patterns of endemism

This region is notable not just for the high number of endemic species, but for endemism in higher-level taxonomic groupings too.

[edit] Family-level endemism

The following families are endemic to the region:

• Palmchat, a passerine family, containing a single species found only on Hispaniola.
• the Todies, a family with five species, found only on the Greater Antilles.

[edit] Genus-level endemism

In addition to genera in the families above, the following genera are endemic to the region :

Five genera found only on Hispaniola:

• Nesoctites, with one species, the Antillean Piculet
• Phaenicophilus, with two species, Black-crowned and Grey-crowned Palm-tanagers
• Calyptophilus, with two species, Eastern Chat-tanager and Western Chat-tanager
• Microligea, with one species, the Green-tailed Warbler
• Xenoligea, with one species, the White-winged Warbler

Five genera found only on Jamaica:

• Pseudoscops, with a single species, the Jamaican Owl
• Trochilus, with two species, Red-billed and Black-billed Streamertails
• Loxipasser, with one species, the Yellow-shouldered Grassquit
• Euneornis, with one species, the Orangequit
• Nesopsar, with one species, the Jamaican Blackbird

One genus found only on Puerto Rico:

• Nesospingus, a genus with only one species, the Puerto Rican Tanager

Three genus found only on Cuba:

• Ferminia, a genus with only one species, the Zapata Wren,Cervera´s Wren
• Cyanolimnas, with one species, the Zapata Rail
• Torreornis, with one species, the Zapata Sparrow

In addition in the following genera, high proportions of the member species are endemic to the West Indies:

[edit] Endemic Bird Areas

Birdlife International has defined a number of Endemic Bird Areas in the West Indies.

025	Cuba
026	Bahamas
027	Jamaica
028	Hispaniola
029	Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands
030	Lesser Antilles

They have also defined the following Secondary Areas:

[edit] List of species

[edit] Species endemic to Cuba

Cuban Bullfinch Cuban Kite Gundlach's Hawk Cuban Black-hawk Zapata Rail Blue-headed Quail-dove Cuban Parakeet

Bare-legged Owl Cuban Pygmy-owl Bee Hummingbird Cuban Trogon Cuban Tody Cuban Green Woodpecker Fernandina's Flicker

Giant Kingbird Cuban Martin Cuban Palm Crow Cuban Crow Zapata Wren Cuban Gnatcatcher Cuban Solitaire

Cuban Vireo Yellow-headed Warbler Oriente Warbler Cuban Grassquit Zapata Sparrow Red-shouldered Blackbird Cuban Blackbird

[edit] Species endemic to Hispaniola

Ridgway's Hawk Hispaniolan Lizard-cuckoo Bay-breasted Cuckoo Ashy-faced Owl Least Poorwill Hispaniolan Nightjar Hispaniolan Emerald Hispaniolan Trogon

Broad-billed Tody Narrow-billed Tody Antillean Piculet Hispaniolan Woodpecker Hispaniolan Pewee Hispaniolan Palm Crow White-necked Crow La Selle Thrush

Palmchat Flat-billed Vireo Green-tailed Ground Warbler White-winged Warbler Hispaniolan Spindalis Black-crowned Palm-tanager Grey-crowned Palm-tanager Western Chat-tanager

Eastern Chat-tanager Hispaniolan Oriole Antillean Siskin Hispaniolan Crossbill White-fronted Quail-dove Hispaniolan Parrot Hispaniolan Parakeet

[edit] Species endemic to Jamaica

Bahama Mockingbird Ring-tailed Pigeon Crested Quail-dove Yellow-billed Parrot Black-billed Parrot Jamaican Lizard-cuckoo Chestnut-bellied Cuckoo Jamaican Owl

Jamaican Poorwill Jamaican Mango Black-billed Streamertail Red-billed Streamertail Jamaican Tody Jamaican Woodpecker Jamaican Elaenia Jamaican Pewee

Sad Flycatcher Rufous-tailed Flycatcher Jamaican Becard Jamaican Crow White-eyed Thrush White-chinned Thrush Jamaican Vireo Blue Mountain Vireo

Arrow-headed Warbler Jamaican Euphonia Jamaican Spindalis Yellow-shouldered Grassquit Orangequit Jamaican Blackbird Jamaican Oriole

[edit] Species endemic to Puerto Rico

Puerto Rican Parrot Puerto Rican Lizard-Cuckoo Puerto Rican Screech-Owl Puerto Rican Nightjar Green Mango

Puerto Rican Emerald Puerto Rican Tody Puerto Rican Woodpecker Puerto Rican Pewee Puerto Rican Flycatcher

Puerto Rican Vireo Adelaide's Warbler Elfin Woods Warbler Puerto Rican Spindalis Puerto Rican Tanager

Puerto Rican Bullfinch Yellow-shouldered Blackbird

[edit] Other species endemic to the Greater Antilles

Grey-headed Quail-dove Greater Antillean Nightjar Tawny-shouldered Blackbird Greater Antillean Bullfinch

Vervain Hummingbird Greater Antillean Elaenia Stolid Flycatcher Golden Swallow

Rufous-throated Solitaire Antillean Mango Hispaniolan Parrot Antillean Euphonia

Antillean Palm Swift Caribbean Martin Plain Pigeon

[edit] Species endemic to the Lesser Antilles

Grenada Dove Red-necked Parrot St Lucia Parrot St Vincent Parrot Imperial Parrot Lesser Antillean Swift Purple-throated Carib Blue-headed Hummingbird

Guadeloupe Woodpecker Lesser Antillean Pewee St Lucia Pewee Grenada Flycatcher Lesser Antillean Flycatcher Forest Thrush White-breasted Thrasher Scaly-breasted Thrasher

Brown Trembler Grey Trembler St Lucia Warbler Barbuda Warbler Plumbeous Warbler Whistling Warbler Semper's Warbler Lesser Antillean Tanager

Lesser Antillean Saltator Lesser Antillean Bullfinch St Lucia Black Finch St Lucia Oriole Montserrat Oriole Martinique Oriole

[edit] Other species endemic to the region

Hispaniolan Parakeet West Indian Whistling Duck Loggerhead Kingbird Greater Antillean Grackle White-cheeked Pintail Scaly-naped Pigeon Key West Quail-dove

Red-legged Thrush Caribbean Flamingo Rose-throated Parrot West Indian Woodpecker La Sagra's Flycatcher Great Lizard-cuckoo Cuban Emerald

Crescent-eyed Pewee Olive-capped Warbler Western Spindalis Caribbean Elaenia Bridled Quail-dove Green-throated Carib Antillean Crested Hummingbird

Thick-billed Vireo Bahama Woodstar Bahama Swallow Bahama Yellowthroat St Andrew Vireo Vitelline Warbler

[edit] Near-endemics

• Zenaida Dove
• Antillean Nighthawk
• White-crowned Pigeon
• Caribbean Coot
• Pearly-eyed Thrasher
• Caribbean Dove

The following is a list of species endemic to the region as breeding species:

The following is a list of species endemic to the region as non-breeding species:

• Kirtland's Warbler

The following restricted-range species are also found in the region:

The following seabirds are restricted to the region as breeders:

• Black-capped Petrel

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• The Endemic Birds of Hispaniola

Endemism in birds
Regional overviews The Palaearctic: Western Palearctic | Central Asia | Japan Afrotropics & Malagasy region: Eastern Africa | Western and central Africa | Southern Africa | Madagascar region The Oriental region: S Asia | Andamans and Nicobars | SE Asia | Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java & Bali | Borneo | Sulawesi region | The Philippines | Taiwan Australasia & the Pacific: Australia | New Guinea region | New Zealand | New Caledonia | Hawaii North America: Eastern North America | Western North America | West Indies | Mexico and northern Central America | Southern Central America South America: Galápagos Islands Other: Southern Atlantic islands
Lists of: Endemic Bird Areas | Secondary Areas
Literature: Putting biodiversity on the map | Endemic Bird Areas of the World
Categories: Regional overviews | Endemic higher-level taxa | Restricted range endemics