EiffelStudio
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EiffelStudio is a development environment for the Eiffel programming language developed and distributed by Eiffel Software.
EiffelStudio includes a combination of tools integrated under a single user interface: compiler, interpreter, debugger, browser, metrics tool, profiler, diagram tool. The user interface rests on a number of specific UI paradigms, in particular "pick-and-drop" for effective browsing.
EiffelStudio is available on a number of platforms including Windows, .NET, Linux, Mac OS, Solaris, VMS. The source is available under GPL; commercial licenses are also available.
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[edit] Status, license and community process
EiffelStudio is an open-source development with beta versions of the next release made regularly available.
The Eiffel community actively participates in its development; a list of open projects is available from the Origo site, hosted at ETH Zurich (see "external links"), together with the source code base for check-out, discussion forums etc.
As of August 2006 the last released version was 5.6. Version 5.7 is announced for the last quarter of 2006, with successive beta releases made regularly available since April 2006.
[edit] Compilation technology
EiffelStudio uses a specific compilation technology known as Melting Ice (claimed by Eiffel Software as a trademark) which integrates compilation proper with interpretation of the elements changed since the last compilation, for very fast turnaround (recompilation time proportional to the size of the change, not the size of the overall program). Although such "melted" programs can be delivered, the common practice is to perform a "finalization" step before release. Finalization is a highly optimized form of compilation, which takes longer but generates optimized executables.
The interpreter part of EiffelStudio relies on a bytecode-oriented virtual machine. The compiler generates either C or .NET CIL (Common Intermediate Language).
[edit] Round-trip engineering
The Diagram Tool of EiffelStudio provides a graphical view of software structures. It can be used in both
- Forward engineering, as a design tool for producing software from graphical descriptions.
- Reverse engineering, automatically producing graphical representations of existing program texts.
The tool guarantees integrity of changes made in either style, for full "roundtrip engineering".
The graphical notation is either BON (the Business Object Notation, see bibliography) or UML. BON is the default.
[edit] User interface paradigm
EiffelStudio makes it possible to display many different views of classes and features: text view (full program text), contract view (interface only, with contracts), flat view (which includes inherited features), clients (all the classes and features that use a given class or feature), inheritance history (what happens to a feature up and down the inheritance structure) and many others.
EiffelStudio relies on an original user interface paradigm based on "development objects", "pebbles" and "holes". In the same way that object-oriented in Eiffel deal with objects during execution, developers deal with abstractions representing classes, features, breakpoints (for debugging), clusters (groups of classes) and other development objects. A development object in EiffelStudio can be selected (picked) wherever it appears in the interface, and regardless of its visual representation (name of the object, visual symbol or other).
To pick a development object it suffices to right-click on it. The cursor then changes into a special symbol or pebble corresponding to the type of the object: "bubble" (ellipse) for a class, dot for a breakpoint, cross for a feature etc. As you move the cursor a line is displayed from the original object to the current position. You can then drop the pebble into any matching place: either an icon representing a hole with the same overall shape (class hole, breakpoint hole, feature hole etc.) or a window with a compatible type. The effect of dropping a pebble into a tool is to retarget the entire tool to the development object that was "picked". For example a class tool will now display the chosen class, in whatever view (text, contract, flat etc.) was selected. This is known as the "Pick-and-Drop" paradigm.
The combination of multiple views and Pick-and-Drop makes it possible to browse quickly through complex systems, and to follow the sometimes extended transformations that features undergo under inheritance: renaming, redefinition, undefinition.
[edit] History
EiffelStudio traces its roots to the first implementation of Eiffel, by Interactive Software Engineering Inc. (predecessor of Eiffel Software), released in 1986. The origin of the current technology appears to go back to "EiffelBench", started in 1990 in connection with the design of the Eiffel 3 version of the language (as documented in Eiffel: The Language, see bibliography). EiffelBench was renamed "EiffelStudio" around 2001; this is also the time when the environment went beyond its Unix origins to target Windows and other platforms.
Major releases since 2001, and some of the new features for each, have been:
- 5.0, July 2001: first version to be "EiffelStudio" proper; integration of previous "EiffelCase" tool for graphical design with EiffelStudio, in the form of EiffelStudio's Diagram Tool)
- 5.1, December 2001: first version to support .NET (press release (PDF)).
- 5.2, November 2002: new EiffelBuild for GUI design, extended debugging, new mechanisms for C and C++ integration, better roundtripping facilities for the Diagram Tool (press release).
- 5.3, March 2003: Incremental compiler technology available for Eiffel .NET. Eiffel2Java Java interface, EiffelStore (relational database interface) now available for .NET, first Mac OS version, performance enhancements (press release).
- 5.4, November 2003: new conversion mechanism, major run-time performance improvements (in particular for Eiffel agents|agents), major compilation speed improvements, improved support for multithreading, major EiffelBuild enhancements, first support for new mechanisms as defined by the ECMA Eiffel committee, support for preconditions and postconditions in external (e.g. C) routines, transparent way to call overloaded .NET routinea from Eiffel (press release).
- 5.5, September 2004: docking, improved debugger, new ECMA language features (press release).
- 5.6, August 2005: enhanced diagram tool (UML support, force-directed graphs, better roundtripping), new EiffelCOM wizard for generation of Microsoft COM components, better class completion, faster .NET code generation (press release).
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Eiffel Software's home page at eiffel.com
- For open-source contributors: Eiffel home page at ETH Zurich
[edit] Bibliography
- Eiffel Software: EiffelStudio manual. Online at http://docs.eiffel.com/eiffelstudio/
- Bertrand Meyer: Eiffel: The Language, Prentice Hall, 1991 (second revised printing, 1992).
- Bertrand Meyer.: An Object-Oriented Environment: Principles and Applications, Prentice Hall. 1995 (describes the principles underlying the original EiffelBench).
- Kim Waldén and Jean-Marc Nerson: Seamless Object-Oriented Software Architecture, Prentice Hall, 1995 (contains a description of the BON method and notation).
