Edward Charles Howard
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Edward Charles Howard was a British chemist. In 1800 he was appointed member of the Royal Society of Chemistry and discoverd mercury fulminat a powerful primary explosive. In 1813 he invented a method of refining sugar which involved boiling the cane juice not in an open kettle, but in a closed vessel heated by steam and held under partial vacuum. At reduced pressure, water boils at a lower temperature, and this development both saved fuel and reduced the amount of sugar lost through caramelization. He was also interested in the composition of meteorite especially in "natural iron" ones.
[edit] References
- F. Kurzer (1999). "The Life and Work of Edward Charles Howard". Annals of Science 56: 113-141. DOI:10.1080/000337999296445.
- Edward Howard (1800). "On a New Fulminating Mercury.". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 90 (1): 204-238. *
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