Edmund Cardinal Szoka

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Edmund Casimir Cardinal Szoka

Church positions
See	Detroit (Emeritus)
Title	President Emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Period in office	October 15, 1997—September 15, 2006
Raised to cardinalate	June 28, 1988
Predecessor	none
Successor	Giovanni Lajolo
Previous post	President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
Personal
Date of birth	September 14, 1927
Place of birth	Grand Rapids, Michigan

His Eminence Edmund Casimir Cardinal Szoka (born September 14, 1927) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the former President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and Governor of Vatican City, having previously served as Bishop of Gaylord from 1971 to 1981 and Archbishop of Detroit from 1981 to 1990. Szoka was elevated to the cardinalate in 1988.

[edit] Biography

Styles of Edmund Cardinal Szoka
Reference style	His Eminence
Spoken style	Your Eminence
Informal style	Cardinal
See	Detroit (Emeritus)

Edmund Casimir Szoka was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Casimir and Mary (née Wolgat) Szoka, Polish immigrants. He has an older sister, Irene, and moved with his family in the early 1930s to Muskegon, where he did his primary studies at St. Michael School. Attracted to life as a priest at an early age, Szoka attended several seminaries in Grand Rapids, Sacred Heart Major Seminary in Detroit for his junior and senior years, and then St. Joseph's Seminary in Plymouth to study theology.

On June 5, 1954, he was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Thomas Noa in St. Peter Cathedral. He did pastoral work in Manistique but soon thereafter became secretary to Bishop Noa of Marquette, whom he accompanied to the first session of the Second Vatican Council in 1962. During this period he also served as chaplain at St. Mary’s Hospital and K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base.

From 1957 to 1959, he studied canon law at the Pontifical Urbaniana University or the Pontifical Lateran University in Rome. Upon returning to the United States, Szoka did pastoral and curial work, including serving as an official of the matrimonial tribunal, in Marquette until 1971. He was raised to the rank of Honorary Prelate of His Holiness on November 14, 1963.

Szoka was appointed the first Bishop of Gaylord on June 11, 1971. He received his episcopal consecration on the following July 20 from John Cardinal Dearden, with Bishops Charles Salatka and Joseph McKinney serving as co-consecrators. A year later, the Bishops of the 4th pastoral region of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops (NCCB) elected him president for the period of 1972-77. At the same time, he was treasurer and secretary of the Episcopal Conference of Michigan. As Bishop of Gaylord, Szoka improved the annulment consideration process, drawing from his experience in the matrimonial tribunal in Marquette.

On March 21, 1981, he was promoted to the third Metropolitan Archbishop of Detroit (eighth bishop) by Pope John Paul II. Since 1981, he also served as president of the Administration Council of the provincial seminary of St. John in Plymouth, Michigan and SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary near Orchard Lake Village, Michigan. He was also a president of the board of directors of the Episcopal Conference of Michigan, member of the executive committee of the Catholic University, president of the Committee for University Relations, Administrator of the National Sanctuary of the Immaculate Conception, treasurer of the NCCB, and served on committees within the Conference for: human values, bishops, dioceses and provinces, and economic affairs. He faced challenges of finance and enforcing Church discipline, and welcomed John Paul II to Detroit in 1987 during his tenure as Archbishop.

He was created Cardinal Priest of Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio by John Paul II in the consistory of June 28, 1988. Resigning as Archbishop of Detroit on April 28, 1990, Szoka was named President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See on January 22, 1990 to October 14, 1997. In this position, he helped managed the Vatican's financial affairs

On October 14, 1997, Cardinal Szoka was named President of the Governatorate of Vatican City State, and on February 22, 2001, President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State. Within the Roman Curia his membership includes: Secretariat of State (second section), and Causes of Saints, Bishops, Evangelization of Peoples (Congregatio de Propaganda Fide), Clergy, Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (congregations). He submitted his resignation to John Paul II in 2002, at the Church's mandatory retirement age of 75, but was requested to continue working. During his rare spare time, Szoka enjoyed walking through the Vatican Gardens^[1].

Szoka was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 2005 papal conclave that selected Pope Benedict XVI. As Governor of the Vatican, it fell to Szoka, along with Secretary of State Angelo Sodano and Camerlengo Eduardo Martínez Somalo, to prepare for the cardinal electors' housing at the Domus Sanctae Marthae. It was announced on June 22, 2006, that his resignation had been accepted by Pope Benedict and that he would officially step down on September 15, 2006; he will maintain all curial memberships until age 80. On what he would do after retirement, Szoka said he was interested in travel, writing, studying the Church Fathers, and continuing to provide priestly assistance to Detroit^[2].

Preceded by none	Bishop of Gaylord 1971–1981	Succeeded by Robert J. Rose
Preceded by John Cardinal Dearden	Archbishop of Detroit 1981–1990	Succeeded by Adam Cardinal Maida
Preceded by Giuseppe Cardinal Caprio	President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See 1990–1997	Succeeded by Sergio Cardinal Sebastiani
Preceded by none	Governor of Vatican City 1997–2006	Succeeded by Giovanni Lajolo
Preceded by Rosalio Cardinal Castillo Lara	President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State 2001–2006	Succeeded by Giovanni Lajolo