User:Echoghost

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bling bling, fattyz?

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Nuclear.Sad.Nuclear.

http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~blackrse/algorithm.html

http://eamusic.dartmouth.edu/~wowem/hardware/algorithmdefinition.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musica_universalis http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~mbl/work/algorithmicComposition.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikalisches_W%C3%BCrfelspiel http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrine_of_the_affections http://covblogs.com/diber/archives/003105.html

http://deskreference.britannica.com/ebc/article-9354668 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discreet_Music

http://www.google.com/search?q=define%3A+algorithm&start=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official

�Abstract

Music is one of the most influential forces in the world today-and as many have said- that it is the language of the world. That said, composition of music is also one of the more challenging things for one to simply pick up and obtain successful results. Harder still is for a composer to convey emotions through the piece. Computers today are able to perform many tasks, but it is known throughout that computers cannot convey emotion, one of the traits that separate humans from computers. However, computers can be programmed to create note patterns that can be recognized as music to the human brain, as opposed to a random, unstructured composition. Following on this idea it was considered possible to construct a program that has the ability to create musical compositions that could be responded to as both music, and as striking emotions within the person. This project was intended to create a computer program that could compose completely original musical pieces that would result in feelings of happiness or sadness in the listener of the piece.

Introduction

I. Music has been around for a while II. Music has been influential for ages III. Can create emotions – Baroque era IV. Algorithms have been used in the past to create slalfs; fl V. Computers can create music – Aphex Twin, etc VI. Can computers create music that create emotions

Music has known to be in existence for thousands of years, with early musical compositions dating back to 4,000 years old. Music is often also known as the language of the world, because people everywhere can gain some message from instrumental music.

Algorithms have also been used to discuss music theory in the past, with an obvious example of Pythagoras’ musica universalis – or “music of the spheres.” The teachings of Pythagoras told that music was inexplicable inseparable from numbers, in turn related to the whole spiritual and physical universe (Grout, 1996). Ptolemy – a contemporary of Pythagoras – wrote a largely influential work titled Harmonics about music theory and the relation of mathematics to music, and argued that one should base musical intervals on mathematical ratios, which agreed with Pythagoras. Despite their heavy discussion on the relation of music to mathematics and algorithms, at this point in time there were no algorithmic compositions, simply because most Greek music in this period was mostly improvisational (Grout, 1996). It is not impossible, however to exclude the possibility that some algorithmic format was used in the playing of the improvisational pieces, as the performers could interpolate some of the steps in the algorithm to determine the movement of the piece (Maurer, 1999).

Music is also known to have the ability to extract emotion from listeners. Baroque composers enlisted the concept known as the doctrine of the affections, which stated that by using the correct procedure in composition, or the correct device, the composition could involuntarily elicit emotions from the audience. Composers believed that “affections” were the influential forces behind the emotions felt upon listening to the composition. This idea influenced how many composers wrote musical pieces in this era, but has, for some time, not been used to the extent that it was used in this era. The doctrine of the affections was simply that music is capable of arousing a variety of specific emotions within a person, even involuntary emotional response and can be looked at as a variant algorithm used for one trait of musical composition in this. Algorithmic compositions have also laid claim in several pieces in today's contemporary music. Brian Eno, producer for numerous popular musical acts-such as David Bowie and the Talking Heads- released an album in 1975 titled "Discreet Music." The album was an expiriment by Eno to discover methods of composition creation with very little input on the composer's behalf by using generitive algorithms - algorithms that constant evolve recursively. The liner notes to this album state "I have gravitated towards situations and systems that, once set into operation, could create music with little or no intervention on my part" (Eno, 1975).