Eastern Association
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The Eastern Association was a Parliamentarian or Roundhead army during the English Civil War. It was formed from a number of pro-Parliamentary militias in the east of England in 1642, including a troop of cavalry led by Oliver Cromwell. It was initially led by Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester.
The army was composed of units raised in Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire and Lincolnshire. This was one of the richest agricultural parts of England and this meant that the Eastern Association was of the best financed and equipped armies on either side in the early part of the civil war.
Early in the war, in the winter of 1642-43, it established Parliamentary control over East Anglia and in subsequent campaigns, it moved against Royalist controlled Yorkshire. The Eastern Association fought in the Parliamentary victory at the battle of Marston Moor in June 1644 and then at the drawn second battle of Newbury in October of that year. In early 1645, it was disbanded under the Self-Denying Ordinance and incorporated, along with the Parliamentarian armies of the Earl of Essex and William Waller, into the New Model Army.
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