Earl of Angus
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The title of Earl of Angus is an ancient one in the Peerage of Scotland, currently held by the Duke of Hamilton.
Angus was one of the seven original earldoms of the Pictish kingdom of Scotland, said to have been occupied by seven brothers of whom Angus was the eldest. The Celtic line ended with Matilda (fl. 1240), countess of Angus in her own right, who married in 1243 Gilbert de Umfraville and founded the Norman line of three earls, which ended in 1381, the then holder of the title being summoned to the English parliament. Meanwhile John Stewart of Bonkyll, Berwickshire, had been created earl of Angus in a new line. This third creation ended with Margaret Stewart, countess of Angus in her own right, and widow of Thomas, 13th earl of Mar.
As a result of an illicit affair with her brother in law, William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas (married to the sister of her husband), the Countess of Mar and Angus became the mother of George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus (c. 1380-1403), and secured a charter of her estates for her son, to whom in 1389 the title was granted by King Robert II. He was taken prisoner at Homildon Hill and died in captivity in England. Archibald "Bell-the-Cat" (1453-1514) the powerful adversary of James III, was his great-grandson.
William Douglas (1589-1660) 11th Earl of Angus, was created Marquess of Douglas in 1633 (he resigned the title of Earl of Angus and it was recreated with the marquessate, so he was also the 1st Earl of Angus in the new creation). He outlived his son Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus (c.1609-1655) and was succeeded by Archibald's son James Douglas, 2nd Marquess of Douglas (1646-1699). James' son and heir Archibald Douglas was created Duke of Douglas, Marquess of Angus and Abernethy, Viscount of Jedburgh Forest, Lord Douglas of Bonkill, Prestoun and Robertoun on 10 April 1703. He died without leaving an heir and the titles acquired with the dukedom became extinct. All his other titles devolved to his distant cousin the 7th Duke of Hamilton.
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[edit] Mormaers and Early Earls
- ?
- Indrechtach?, fl. early 900s
- Dubacan, d. 937
- ?
- Cuncar, fl. mid-900s
- ?
- Gille Brigte, fl. 1150
- Adam, fl. 1189
- Gille Críst, ?-1206
- Donnchadh, 1206-1214
- Maol Choluim, 1214-1240
- Matilda
- m. Gilbert de Umfraville, jure uxoris Earl of Angus
- Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus (Earl: 1246-1307)
- Robert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus (Earl: 1307-c. 1314 (forfeit); d. 1325)
- Gilbert de Umfraville (d. 1381)
[edit] Earls of Angus, "Second Creation" (1329)
- John Stewart, 1st Earl of Angus (d. 1331)
- Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus (d. 1361)
- Thomas Stewart, 3rd Earl of Angus (d. 1377)
- Margaret Stewart, 4th Countess of Angus (d. 1417) (resigned earldom in 1389)
[edit] Earls of Angus, "Third Creation" (1389)
- George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus (1378-1402)
- William Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus (c. 1398-1437)
- James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Angus (b. 1428-1446)
- George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus (b. 1429-1462)
- Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus (1453-1514)
- Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus (1490-1557)
- David Douglas, 7th Earl of Angus (c. 1515-1558)
- Archibald Douglas, 8th Earl of Angus (1556-1588)
- William Douglas, 9th Earl of Angus (1533-1591)
- William Douglas, 10th Earl of Angus (1552-1611)
- William Douglas, 11th Earl of Angus (1590-1660) (created Marquess of Douglas in 1633 when he resigned the earldom which was regranted with the marquessate)
[edit] Marquesses of Douglas (and Earls of Angus, "fourth creation") (1633)
- William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas (1590-1660)
- James Douglas, 2nd Marquess of Douglas (1646-1700)
- Archibald Douglas, 1st Duke of Douglas (1694-1761) (created Duke of Douglas in 1703) (dukedom extinct on his death)
- For later Earls of Angus and Marquesses of Douglas, see Duke of Hamilton
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
