Dzhendema
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
This article is uncategorized.
Please help improve this article by adding it to one or more categories, so it may be associated with related articles (how?). Please remove this tag after categorizing, but not before. |
Dzhendema or Djendema or the South Djendem meaning "hell" applies to the South slope of Mount Botev 2376m.above sea level, the highest peak in the Balkan mountain ranges.It is also called the Southern Dzhendem.It was established as reserve on March 28,1953.Djendema encompasses 4,220.2 hectares,and is the largest reserve in the mountain and the second largest reserve in Bulgaria.It is centered on a granite extrusion combined with limestone outcroppings to form a labyrinth of steep slopes;deep,narrow gorges;massive rock cliffs;and huge waterfalls.Djendema Reserve shelters beech and fir forests and large meadows with unique sub-alpine grassy species and communities. Because of its specific geological and climatic conditions,the area is rich in endemic species and rare plants.One could take several days to cross Djendema.
There is also so called Northern Dzhendem or the Northern Djendem located on the north slope of Mount Botev.It was established as Reserve on September 30,1983.It has a total area of 1,610 hectares and is the highest reserve in the Balkan Ranges,encompassing a beautiful, wild,and inaccessible section of the central part of the mountain.The reserve includes the nearly vertical northern slopes,wide approximately 10 kilometers with a height of average 900 meters, looming rock tiers,short and steep watersheds,overhanging cliffs,rock bridges,jaded cornices,deep precipices,numerous waterfalls,as well as grassy terraces.On low altitude,ancient beech and fir forests cover almost two-thirds of the steeply sloped Nothern Djendem.It also contains some sub-alpine grassy and forest habitats.Many rare and endangered wildlife species have found their last refuge in this impenetrable natural forest,which is home to an unusual community of Siberian juniper,myrtle-leaf rhododendron and blueberry,as well as the only known location of Urumov’s campion in the world.The Northern Djendem is home to the Balkan chamois(alpine goat),brown bear,grey wolf,red deer,roe,golden eagle,peregrine falcon,and wallcreeper.The two Djendems are alpine objects for many climbers.
