Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick

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Anthony Ulrich (German: Anton Ulrich; 28 August 1714, Bevern – 4 May 1774, Kholmogory), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was generalissimus of the Army of Russia, and husband to Anna Leopoldovna, who was regent of Russia for one year.

Anthony Ulrich was the second son of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. His mother's sister Elizabeth, wife of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, arranged for his marriage to Elizabeth Caroline Christine, daughter of Charles Leopold, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and granddaughter of Tsar Ivan V of Russia, in 1739. Elizabeth called herself Anna Leopoldovna in Russia. This marriage was meant to strengthen relationships between the houses of Romanov and Habsburg. In 1740, their infant son Ivan became emperor and Anna became regent. However, a revolution in 1741 removed the family from power. The new Empress, Elizabeth, had Anthony Ulrich, his wife, and their children imprisoned. They remained imprisoned for the rest of their lives.