Dongye
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Dongye | |
|---|---|
| Hangul: |
동예
|
| Hanja: |
東濊
|
| Revised Romanization: | Dong(-)ye |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Tongye |
Dongye was a state which occupied portions of the northeastern Korean peninsula from roughly 150 BCE to around 400 CE. It bordered Goguryeo and Okjeo to the north, Jinhan to the south, and China's Lelang Commandery to the west. Today, this territory consists of the provinces of South Hamgyŏng and Kangwon in North Korea, and Gangwon in South Korea.
[edit] History
Dongye first appears in history as a vassal state of Gojoseon until its fall to China in 108 BCE.[1] It later became a vassal of the increasingly powerful Goguryeo.
Around 400 CE, King Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo annexed Dongye, leading to Goguryeo's domination of the entire northern portion of the Korean peninsula and most of Manchuria. A small part of Dongye in the south was absorbed into Silla.
[edit] People and culture
Dongye considered itself the same people as Goguryeo, and shared the language and ethnic origins of the people of Okjeo and Goguryeo. This may indicate that Dongye also shared a common origin with Buyeo and Gojoseon. The population was recorded to be 20,000 families.
Very little information about Dongye has survived. However, the custom of Mucheon (무천, 舞天), a festival of worshipping heaven through song and dance in the 10th month, is mentioned in some records. This appears to have been closely related to the Goguryeo festival of Dongmaeng, held at the same time of year, which also incorporated martial displays. The people worshipped the tiger as a deity.
The economy of Dongye was based primarily on agriculture, including sericulture. The Mucheon festival was largely aimed at securing a good harvest in the coming year. Their agriculture appears to have been well-organized at the village level. Dongye law meted out stiff penalties for those who encroached on communal land.
It is notable that the name "Dongye" is written with Chinese characters (東濊) that could be interpreted to mean "East Ye," the "Ye" element of which appears in some of the most ancient Chinese historical records as the generic epithet (like "Celt" or "German" in Roman histories) for the populations of the vast region that later became Manchuria. In Late Middle Korean glossaries, the reading "Ye" (예) is often provided as the gloss of the Chinese character 倭 (Wa), which refers to Japan. The 濊 character also appears in 濊貊 (Sino-Korean Yemaek, Mandarin Huì-mò, Sino-Japanese Waibaku), the name of another ancient tribe or confederation of tribes that occupied parts of Manchuria and northern Korea.
